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This study aimed to investigate the current status of mental health literacy and related influencing factors in patients with coronary heart disease. Four hundred and thirty-five patients with coronary heart disease were recruited in this survey. Data collection was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale, Coronary Artery Disease Self-Management Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Coronary Heart Disease Self-Efficacy Scale. Descriptive methods, independent samples t-test or one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. The results showed that the mean total mental health literacy score of patients with coronary heart disease was 96.42 ± 8.40; gender, age, education level, monthly per capita family income, first diagnosed with coronary heart disease, cardiac function classification, self-management ability, social support, and self-efficacy were the factors influencing the level of mental health literacy in patients with coronary heart disease (all p < 0.05). The study suggests that mental health literacy can improve patients' self-management ability and self-efficacy, and healthcare professionals should emphasize the strengthening of this aspect of health education in order to better improve patient's prognosis.
Assuntos
Doença das Coronárias , Letramento em Saúde , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Letramento em Saúde/normas , Letramento em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Doença das Coronárias/psicologia , Idoso , Adulto , Psicometria/instrumentação , Psicometria/métodos , Autoeficácia , China , Saúde Mental/normas , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Birthing parents, defined as postpartum women and people with various gender identities who give birth, commonly experience challenging postpartum symptoms. However, many report feeling uninformed and unprepared to navigate their postpartum health. OBJECTIVE: To identify typologies of postpartum symptom informedness and preparedness using latent class analysis (LCA) and to examine the associated patient and healthcare characteristics. METHODS: We used survey data from a large, multi-method, longitudinal research project Postnatal Safety Learning Lab. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling and enrolled between November 2020 and June 2021. LCA was used to identify subgroups of birthing parents with different symptom informedness and preparedness using 10 binary variables (N = 148). Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine the association between characteristics and each typology. FINDINGS: The 3-class models had better fit indices and interpretability for both informedness and preparedness typologies: High, High-moderate, and Moderate-low. The sample characteristics were different by typologies. In the modified discrimination in medical settings assessment, we found higher discrimination scores in the moderate-low informedness and preparedness typologies. The moderate-low preparedness typology had a higher percentage of birthing parents who did not have private insurance, underwent cesarean section, and planned for formula or mixed infant feeding. The median PHQ-4 scores at 4 weeks postpartum were lower among those in high informedness and preparedness typologies. CONCLUSION: In our sample, 18 to 21 % of birthing parents were in the moderate-low informedness or preparedness typologies. Future research and practice should consider providing tailored information and anticipatory guidance as a part of more equitable and supportive care.
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Análise de Classes Latentes , Período Pós-Parto , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Período Pós-Parto/psicologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Gravidez , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Mental/normasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the manifestations presented by parents of children and adolescents who require special health attention that can impact their mental health. METHODS: exploratory, qualitative research, based on the concept of vulnerability, with data collection carried out through interviews with 18 parents of children and adolescents with special health care needs, hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a hospital in Paraná, between May/2017 and May/ 2018. Data analyzed by inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: parents experienced situations of vulnerability when providing care at home, with repercussions on their mental health, expressed by manifestations of lack of protection, anxiety and depression. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is important that health professionals seek to expand actions to promote care and reduce situations that generate threats, insecurities, concerns and damage to the health of parents, which can impact and further weaken care for children and adolescents who need attention especially health.
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Pais , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Masculino , Pais/psicologia , Criança , Adulto , Saúde Mental/normas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Brasil , Crianças com Deficiência/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex and other gender diverse groupings symbolised by + (LGBTI+) individuals experience adverse mental health problems, and several factors have been documented to facilitate such problems. However, in Botswana, the factors facilitating LGBTI+ individuals to experience mental health challenges have not been explored with previous studies only highlighting the poor mental health outcomes they experience. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to explore and describe factors that could cause mental health challenges in LGBTI+ individuals in Gaborone, Botswana. METHOD: A qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological design was employed to examine the research question. In data collection, 15 unstructured in-depth telephonic interviews were conducted until data saturation. Data were analysed with a co-coder using the data analysis method by Colaizzi. RESULTS: Three themes emerged following data analysis and were reasons for experiencing mental health challenges, experiences of challenges in accessing healthcare services and the social challenges of everyday life. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that a variety of factors influence the mental health problems in some LGBTI+ individuals.Contribution: The knowledge of the factors that cause LGBTI+ individuals' mental health challenges can inform mental healthcare to be rendered. The findings can apprise nursing curriculum development and policy regarding the needs of LGBTI+ individuals.
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Pesquisa Qualitativa , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Humanos , Botsuana , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero/psicologia , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Entrevistas como Assunto/métodos , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/normas , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Mental/normas , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Social media use has grown in importance and prevalence, with its estimated number of users at 4.9 billion worldwide. Social media use research has revealed positive and negative impacts on users' mental health and well-being. However, such impacts among adults have not been examined in any reviews. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted based on the framework by Arksey and O'Malley and reported based on the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Eight databases were searched from 2005 to December 2021. Articles were included after being reviewed by three independent teams, with discrepancies resolved through consensus with the senior author. Publication-related information (i.e., authors, year of publication, aims, study population, methodology, interventions, comparisons, outcome measures and key findings) were extracted from each study. Thematic analysis was conducted to answer the research questions. RESULTS: Among the 114 eligible articles, young adults (69.6%) represented the main age group. Most studies (78.6%) focused on the negative impacts of social media use on mental health and well-being, with nearly a third (32.1%) assessing such impacts on depression. Notably, this scoping review found that more than three-quarters (78.6%) of the included studies revealed that excessive and passive social media use would increases depression, anxiety, mood and loneliness. Nevertheless, a third (33.0%) also reported positive impacts, where positive and purposeful use of social media contributes to improvements in mental health and well-being, such as increased perceived social support and enjoyment. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: This review has provided an overview of the existing knowledge on how social media use affects adults and identified areas of research that merit investigation in future studies. More attention should be given to maximizing the positive impacts of social media use on mental health and well-being among adults.
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Saúde Mental , Mídias Sociais , Humanos , Mídias Sociais/tendências , Mídias Sociais/estatística & dados numéricos , Mídias Sociais/normas , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Mental/normas , AdultoRESUMO
Gamified health interventions can offer child-centered and tailored health-promoting strategies. Evidence suggests that its various mechanics foster engagement that can be utilized to promote health and well-being and influence health behavior. At present, psychosocial challenges among school-aged children are becoming a global predicament. We conducted a scoping review to explore the range and nature of evidence on gamified interventions for promoting the psychosocial well-being of school-aged children from the general population. We followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework and extracted sources of evidence from five databases. Our review findings were summarized with basic numerical analysis and provided with narrative accounts based on a gamification taxonomy and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). We identified 12 gamified interventions and included 23 records that reported their development and evaluation. Theories on emotions, behaviors, social skills, and mental health were commonly applied frameworks. Narrative was found as the most commonly used gamification mechanic (11/12, 91.7%), followed by avatar and tasks (10/12, 83.3%), feedback system and level progression (9/12, 75%), points (7/12, 58.3%), badges (5/12, 41.7%), progress bar (4/12, 33.3%), and virtual goods, reminders, and time pressure (2/12, 16.7%). The included sources of evidence reported significant improvements in some of the measured psychosocial outcomes; however, studies on this domain for this particular target group are still considerably limited. Further research is needed to determine how the applied theories and gamification mechanics brought about the change in psychosocial outcomes, bridging the gap in current evidence.
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Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Criança , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Jogos de Vídeo/psicologia , Jogos de Vídeo/normas , Adolescente , Saúde Mental/normasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Nursing well-being has become a heightened focus since the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurses are leaving the profession early in their careers or retiring sooner than expected. Those who remain in the workforce report higher levels of burnout, anxiety, depression, and exhaustion. There is concern that there may be a shortage of at least half a million nurses by 2030. AIMS: This systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence of using a mental health promotion mHealth app to improve the mental health of hospital nurses. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE with Full Text, Professional Development Collection, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Sociological Collection, PsycInfo, Embase, and PubMed with search dates of January 2012-November 15, 2022. The mHealth intervention needed to be asynchronously delivered through a smartphone with hospital nurse participants to be included in this review. RESULTS: Of the 157 articles screened for this review, six were included. Primary outcome variables were anxiety, burnout, coping, depression, self-efficacy, stress, well-being, and work engagement. Intervention types included mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), stress inoculation therapy (SIT), psychoeducation, and stress management. Anxiety, depression, well-being, and burnout improved with MBIs; depression improved with CBT; and anxiety and active coping improved with SIT. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: This review demonstrated promising findings in using mHealth apps to improve the mental health of hospital nurses. However, more randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes may reveal which type of mHealth app and how much exposure to the intervention is more effective in improving specific mental health symptoms. Longitudinal follow-up is also recommended to study sustainability of the mental health improvements.
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COVID-19 , Aplicativos Móveis , Telemedicina , Humanos , COVID-19/enfermagem , COVID-19/psicologia , Aplicativos Móveis/normas , Aplicativos Móveis/estatística & dados numéricos , Aplicativos Móveis/tendências , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional/prevenção & controle , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Saúde Mental/normas , Pandemias , Depressão/terapia , SARS-CoV-2Assuntos
Saúde Mental , Pesquisadores , Universidades , Denúncia de Irregularidades , Universidades/legislação & jurisprudência , Denúncia de Irregularidades/ética , Denúncia de Irregularidades/legislação & jurisprudência , Denúncia de Irregularidades/psicologia , Pesquisadores/psicologia , Humanos , Condições de Trabalho/legislação & jurisprudência , Estresse Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Saúde Mental/normas , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Although digital health solutions are increasingly popular in clinical psychiatry, one application that has not been fully explored is the utilization of survey technology to monitor patients outside of the clinic. Supplementing routine care with digital information collected in the "clinical whitespace" between visits could improve care for patients with severe mental illness. This study evaluated the feasibility and validity of using online self-report questionnaires to supplement in-person clinical evaluations in persons with and without psychiatric diagnoses. We performed a rigorous in-person clinical diagnostic and assessment battery in 54 participants with schizophrenia (N = 23), depressive disorder (N = 14), and healthy controls (N = 17) using standard assessments for depressive and psychotic symptomatology. Participants were then asked to complete brief online assessments of depressive (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology) and psychotic (Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences) symptoms outside of the clinic for comparison with the ground-truth in-person assessments. We found that online self-report ratings of severity were significantly correlated with the clinical assessments for depression (two assessments used: R = 0.63, p < 0.001; R = 0.73, p < 0.001) and psychosis (R = 0.62, p < 0.001). Our results demonstrate the feasibility and validity of collecting psychiatric symptom ratings through online surveys. Surveillance of this kind may be especially useful in detecting acute mental health crises between patient visits and can generally contribute to more comprehensive psychiatric treatment.
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Depressão , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Internet , Transtornos Psicóticos , Autorrelato , Saúde Mental/normas , Intervenção Baseada em Internet , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/métodos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/normas , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/psicologia , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologiaRESUMO
Background: At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was foreseen that the number of face-to-face psychiatry consultations would suffer a reduction. In order to compensate, the Australian Government introduced new Medicare-subsidized telephone and video-linked consultations. This study investigates how these developments affected the pre-existing inequity of psychiatry service delivery in Australia. Methods: The study analyses five and a half years of national Medicare data listing all subsidized psychiatry consultation consumption aggregated to areas defined as Statistical Area level 3 (SA3s; which have population sizes of 30 k-300 k). Face-to-face, video-linked and telephone consultations are considered separately. The analysis consists of presenting rates of consumption, concentration graphs, and concentration indices to quantify inequity, using Socio Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) scores to rank the SA3 areas according to socio-economic disadvantage. Results: There is a 22% drop in the rate of face-to-face psychiatry consultation consumption across Australia in the final study period compared with the last study period predating the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the loss is made up by the introduction of the new subsidized telephone and video-linked consultations. Referring to the same time periods, there is a reduction in the inequity of the distribution of face-to-face consultations, where the concentration index reduces from 0.166 to 0.129. The new subsidized video-linked consultations are distributed with severe inequity in the great majority of subpopulations studied. Australia-wide, video-linked consultations are also distributed with gross inequity, with a concentration index of 0.356 in the final study period. The effect of this upon overall inequity was to cancel out the reduction of inequity resulting from the reduction of face-to face appointments. Conclusion: Australian subsidized video-linked psychiatry consultations have been distributed with gross inequity and have been a significant exacerbator of the overall inequity of psychiatric service provision. Future policy decisions wishing to reduce this inequity should take care to reduce the risk posed by expanding telepsychiatry.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Análise de Dados , Pandemias , Psiquiatria , Telemedicina , Psiquiatria/estatística & dados numéricos , Telemedicina/organização & administração , Telemedicina/estatística & dados numéricos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Humanos , Austrália/epidemiologia , Consulta Remota/estatística & dados numéricos , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Mental/normas , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Visita a Consultório Médico/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde da População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Comunicação por Videoconferência/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
The current umbrella review aimed to assess and summarise evidence on universal, selective and indicated interventions for mental health at the workplace. This umbrella review forms one of the evidence reviews which were commissioned by the WHO to develop global guidelines on mental health at work. We conducted systematic searches in five bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Global Medicus Index) and included meta-analyses of randomised trials examining psychosocial, physical activity and lifestyle interventions delivered to all general workers (universal interventions), at-risk workers (selective interventions) and workers already experiencing symptoms of mental disorders (indicated interventions). We included outcomes from seven domains: symptoms of mental health conditions, positive mental health, quality of life, work-related outcomes, substance use, suicide-related outcomes and potential adverse effects. We identified 16 meta-analyses producing 66 pooled effect sizes of the examined interventions, mostly on symptoms of mental health conditions (n=43 pooled effect sizes) (eg, burnout, insomnia, stress) and positive mental health (n=15) (eg, well-being). Most of the evidence on universal, selective and indicated interventions was focused on psychosocial interventions, showing small to moderate effects across the various outcomes. Certainty levels according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) were low to very low in almost all of the examined outcomes. The results of existing meta-analyses are promising for the use of preventative and early treatment interventions in the workplace. However, the quality and certainty of the evidence were very modest, and further research on the effectiveness of these interventions is warranted.
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Saúde Mental , Saúde Ocupacional , Local de Trabalho , Humanos , Saúde Mental/normas , Qualidade de Vida , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Local de Trabalho/normas , Saúde Ocupacional/normas , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has profoundly affected life throughout the world, and it greatly impacted physician assistant (PA) education programs when the virus spread across the New York region 2 years ago. PA programs at Stony Brook University, Hofstra University, and the New York Institute of Technology were located in the epicenter of the pandemic and were forced to transition to online learning during the spring of 2020. The purpose of this study was to explore didactic PA students' perceptions of virtual learning, their mental health status, and the challenges and unexpected benefits they have faced during this historic time. METHODS: A consent form that linked to an 11-question electronic Qualtrics survey was emailed to all didactic students enrolled in the 3 participating PA programs. The survey data were used to conduct a descriptive analysis and a Spearman's ρ correlation analysis using SPSS 24 software. RESULTS: The survey response rate was 39% (89/229). The students perceived it to be more challenging to maintain the same level of academic achievement with virtual learning, although they felt they were able to meet learning objectives and be prepared for clinical clerkships. They reported experiencing greater stress, anxiety, and depression related to decreased socialization and isolation. However, the students said that their PA program provided enough support to assist with student needs, and they noted unexpected benefits of remote learning, including more time to spend with family members, increased schedule flexibility, and lower commuting costs. DISCUSSION: The PA students' education and mental health were negatively affected because of the abrupt transition from in-person to virtual learning. At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the students in the 3 participating PA programs in New York were affected by the change to remote learning and the subsequent lack of socialization. PA students experienced both challenges and benefits during this unscheduled virtual learning period. While students noted increases in mental health issues, they felt supported by faculty members and prepared to start clinical rotations.
Assuntos
COVID-19/complicações , Saúde Mental/tendências , Assistentes Médicos/educação , Assistentes Médicos/psicologia , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde/psicologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , Saúde Mental/normas , Cidade de Nova Iorque/epidemiologia , PandemiasRESUMO
A diretora da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS), Carissa F. Etienne, lançou nesta sexta-feira (6) a Comissão de Alto Nível sobre Saúde Mental e COVID-19, que desenvolverá diretrizes e recomendações para reduzir o sofrimento e o impacto gerado na saúde mental da população das Américas em razão da pandemia.
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Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/organização & administração , Saúde Mental/normas , COVID-19RESUMO
We propose a tentative research plan to increase students' mental health in elementary schools by implementing Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The research plan should answer how to support students' mental health using IoT solutions and the critical factors influencing testbeds for IoT solutions with the previously mentioned purpose. Our intended research method is Design Science, which we plan to use stepwise.
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Internet das Coisas , Saúde Mental/normas , Projetos de Pesquisa , Instituições Acadêmicas/tendências , Criança , Humanos , Projetos de Pesquisa/tendências , Estudantes , TecnologiaRESUMO
Co-occurring mental health difficulties among autistic adults are common and this association has implications for mental health services. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of autistic adults' experiences of accessing and receiving mental health support is a critical step to fully inform service provision. We conducted a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies exploring autistic adults' mental health service experiences, triangulating the perspectives of autistic adults, clinicians and parents. Electronic database searches in MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase were conducted up to October 2021. This identified 10,068 studies, of which 38 met study inclusion criteria. Using a thematic synthesis approach, we generated three superordinate analytical themes "Lonely, difficult service experience", "Complexity needs flexibility" and "Collaboration and empowerment", each with several subthemes. Our findings show that currently, mental health services do not adequately support autistic adults, and can even cause additional harm. There is a need for a more flexible, comprehensive and holistic approach, considering how being autistic affects the individual's mental health presentation and tailoring support to their needs. Building trusting relationships, listening to autistic adults, and empowering them to take agency, appear to be fundamental steps towards more successful mental health care provision.
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Transtorno Autístico , Transtornos Mentais/etiologia , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Adulto , Transtorno Autístico/complicações , Transtorno Autístico/psicologia , Transtorno Autístico/terapia , Saúde Holística , Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Saúde Mental/normas , Serviços de Saúde Mental/normas , Pais , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
As a global health emergency, the rapid spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to the implementation of widespread restrictions (e.g., quarantine, physical/social distancing measures). However, while these restrictions reduce the viral spread of COVID-19, they may exacerbate behavioural and cognitive symptoms in dementia patients and increase pressure on caregiving. Here, we aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 and related restrictions on both carers and people living with dementia across the world. We conducted an international survey (Australia, Germany, Spain, and the Netherlands) to assess the impact of COVID-19 on carers and people living with dementia. People with dementia experienced worsened neuropsychiatric symptoms since the outbreak of COVID-19, most commonly, depression, apathy, delusions, anxiety, irritability, and agitation. Regression analyses revealed that limited understanding of the COVID-19 situation and not living with the carer was associated with worsened neuropsychiatric symptoms. Carers also reported a decline in their own mental health, increased stress and reduced social networks as a result of COVID-19 and related restrictions. Regression analyses revealed uncertainty about the future and loneliness were associated with worsened carer mental health. Findings from this study will inform strategies for the development of support services and compassionate protocols that meet the evolving needs of those living with dementia and their carers.
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COVID-19/psicologia , Cuidadores/psicologia , Demência/psicologia , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ansiedade/psicologia , Austrália , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/virologia , Demência/terapia , Feminino , Alemanha , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Mental/normas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Países Baixos , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Quarentena/psicologia , Análise de Regressão , SARS-CoV-2/fisiologia , EspanhaRESUMO
Mental disorders account for at least 18% of global disease burden, and the associated annual global costs are projected to be US$6 trillion by 2030. Evidence-based, cost-effective public mental health (PMH) interventions exist to prevent mental disorders from arising, prevent associated impacts of mental disorders (including through treatment), and promote mental wellbeing and resilience. However, only a small proportion of people with mental disorders receive minimally adequate treatment. Compared with treatment, there is even less coverage of interventions to prevent the associated impacts of mental disorders, prevent mental disorders from arising, or promote mental wellbeing and resilience. This implementation failure breaches the right to health, has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and results in preventable suffering, broad impacts, and associated economic costs. In this Health Policy paper, we outline specific actions to improve the coverage of PMH interventions, including PMH needs assessments, collaborative advocacy and leadership, PMH practice to inform policy and implementation, training and improvement of population literacy, settings-based and integrated approaches, use of digital technology, maximising existing resources, focus on high-return interventions, human rights approaches, legislation, and implementation research. Increased interest in PMH in populations and governments since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic supports these actions. Improved implementation of PMH interventions can result in broad health, social, and economic impacts, even in the short-term, which support the achievement of a range of policy objectives, sustainable economic development, and recovery.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Política de Saúde , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Mental/normas , Saúde Mental/normas , Saúde Pública/normas , HumanosRESUMO
Objective Racial discrimination has been shown to be associated with negative mental health outcomes among people of color (POC), and students of color (SOC) specifically. The current study examines experiential avoidance (EA) as a potential moderator in the relation between discrimination and mental health outcomes. Sample: Two-hundred students of color at a large, public university in Northeastern United States. Methods: We evaluated the associations between racial discrimination frequency and stress appraisal (GEDS and GEDS-A), EA (AAQ), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS). Results: Discrimination frequency and appraised stress were associated with each DASS subscale. EA moderated the relation between GEDS and depression, and between GEDS-A and the stress subscale. Conclusions: Discrimination frequency and appraised stress were positively associated with DASS subscales, and at low EA scores, frequency and appraised stress of discrimination were no longer associated with depressive or stress symptoms, respectively.
Assuntos
Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Saúde Mental/etnologia , Racismo/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Boston , Humanos , Saúde Mental/normas , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , UniversidadesRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: apreender a percepção dos gestores de saúde sobre a implementação da Política de Saúde Mental nos municípios pertencentes a 5ª Regional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná. Métodos: estudo de abordagem qualitativa e caráter exploratório, realizado nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2015. Foram entrevistados 20 gestores de saúde da 5° Regional de Saúde, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados foi desenvolvida segundo o método de análise de conteúdo de Bardin, modalidade temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: "A percepção dos gestores sobre aSM nos municípios" e "Dificuldades para a implementação da PNSM". Os gestores de saúde destacam a necessidade da melhor implementação da Política de Saúde Mental em seus municípios e a adequação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. As dificuldades enfrentadas são a falta de recursos financeiros, capacitação profissional e preconceitos. Considerações finais: é perceptível a falta de visibilidade entre os gestores em saúdesobre o papel dos serviços que compõem a Rede de Atenção àSaúde Mental, especialmente a atenção primária, pois é a principal responsável pelas ações de acolhimento e de promoção e prevenção aos transtornos mentais.
RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender la percepción de los gestores de salud sobre la implementación de la Política de Salud Mental en los municipios pertenecientes a la 5ª Regional de Salud del Estado de Paraná-Brasil. Método: estudio de enfoque cualitativo y carácter exploratorio, realizado en los meses de febrero y marzo de 2015. Se entrevistaron a 20 gestores de salud de la 5ª Regional de Salud, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis de datos se desarrolló según el método de análisis de contenido de Bardin, modalidad temática. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías: "La percepción de los gestores sobre la SM en los municipios" y "Dificultades para la implementación de la PNSM". Los gestores de salud señalan la necesidad de una mejor aplicación de la Política de Salud Mental en sus municipios y la adecuación de la Red de Atención Psicosocial. Las dificultades a las que se enfrentan son la falta de recursos financieros, la formación profesional y los prejuicios. Consideraciones finales: es perceptible la falta de visibilidad entre los gestores de salud sobre el rol de los servicios que componen la Red de Atención a la Salud Mental, especialmente la atención primaria, por ser la principal responsable de las acciones de acogida y de promoción y prevención de los trastornos mentales.
ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the perception of health managers about the implementation of the Mental Health Policy in municipalities belonging to the 5th Health Regional Unit of the State of Paraná. Methods: study with a qualitative approach and an exploratory nature, conducted in the months of February and March 2015. Twenty health managers from the 5th Health Regional Unit were interviewed, through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was developed according to Bardin's content analysis method, thematic modality. Results: two categories emerged: "The perception of managers about MH in the municipalities" and "Difficulties in implementing PNSM". Health managers highlight the need for better implementation of the Mental Health Policy in their municipalities and the adequacy of the Psychosocial Care Network. The difficulties faced are the lack of financial resources, professional training and prejudice. Final considerations: the lack of visibility among health managers about the role of the services that make up the Mental Health Care Network is noticeable, especially primary care, as it is primarily responsible for the actions of welcoming and promotion/prevention of mental disorders.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde Mental/normas , Gestor de Saúde , Política de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Família , Acolhimento , Assistência à Saúde Mental , Promoção da Saúde/provisão & distribuição , Transtornos Mentais/enfermagem , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although a significant association between air pollution and mental health has been identified, few studies have addressed this relationship based on cancer diagnosis. This study investigated whether associations between long-term air pollution and mental health conditions differ based on whether the individual has been diagnosed with cancer. METHODS: Nationally representative data were used and a total of 38,101 adults were included in the analyses. We assessed mental health factors such as perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation, and analyzed the associations between these factors and individuals' annual average exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. RESULTS: Compared with the general population, PM10 exposure in cancer survivors predicted a higher risk of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] =1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-1.69) and suicidal ideation (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.01-1.64). Notably, the statistically significant relationship between PM10 exposure and suicidal ideation in cancer survivors disappeared after further adjustment for depressive symptoms (p = 0.3103). This pattern was also observed in the result of propensity score-matched analysis for comparison between cancer survivors and the general population. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence that cancer survivors with depressive symptoms may be more susceptible to suicidal ideation in the context of persistent PM10 exposure.