Assuntos
Anafilaxia , Sugammadex , gama-Ciclodextrinas , Humanos , Sugammadex/efeitos adversos , Anafilaxia/induzido quimicamente , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , gama-Ciclodextrinas/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Rocurônio/efeitos adversos , Rocurônio/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Androstanóis/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Anaesthesia induced with remimazolam and a fentanyl-series opioid can be reversed with flumazenil and naloxone. Concomitant paralysis with rocuronium can facilitate tracheal intubation whilst being reversible with sugammadex. Together, this combination might offer full reversibility of a 'routine' or a 'rapid-sequence' induction anaesthesia. Whether this is useful, or even safe, requires careful evaluation.
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Intubação Intratraqueal , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes , Rocurônio , Sugammadex , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Rocurônio/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/antagonistas & inibidores , Sugammadex/farmacologia , Androstanóis/antagonistas & inibidores , Benzodiazepinas/farmacologia , Fentanila , Analgésicos Opioides , Naloxona , Indução e Intubação de Sequência Rápida/métodosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Sugammadex, a novel selective antagonist of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, has been shown to rapidly and effectively reverse moderate and deep paralysis in adults and pediatric patients over age 2, improving patient recovery and reducing the risk of postoperative complications. AREAS COVERED: Since the use of sugammadex in patients under age 2 is not widely studied, we aim to provide an overview on the drug's application and potential use in infants and neonates. There is a limited but growing body of evidence for the safe, efficacious use of sugammadex in children under age 2. Relevant studies were identified from the most updated data including case reports, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta analyses. EXPERT OPINION: The results suggest that at a dose of 2 to 4 mg/kg of sugammadex can be safely used to rapidly and effectively reverse neuromuscular blockade in neonates and infants; it is non-inferior based on incidence of adverse events compared to neostigmine. Additionally, sugammadex doses between 8 and 16 mg/kg may be used as a rescue agent for infants during 'can't intubate, can't ventilate' crisis. Overall, sugammadex offers new value in the perioperative care of patients under age 2, with further studies warranted to better understand its application and full effect in the pediatric population.
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Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes , Sugammadex , Humanos , Sugammadex/administração & dosagem , Sugammadex/efeitos adversos , Sugammadex/farmacologia , Lactente , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodos , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/efeitos adversos , Recém-Nascido , Fatores Etários , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/antagonistas & inibidores , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Neostigmina/administração & dosagem , Neostigmina/efeitos adversos , Assistência Perioperatória/métodosRESUMO
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review article explores the evidence regarding sugammadex (MSD Australia) and its potential interaction with hormonal contraceptives. The impact of recent clinical trials and review articles is examined. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent clinical data suggest that the interaction between sugammadex and estrogen and progesterone concentrations may not be clinically significant and may confer some protection against ovulation. There are no clinical trials reporting interactions between sugammadex and the exogenous hormonal compounds found in oral contraceptive pills. The method of contraception is an important consideration, as sugammadex theoretically affects oral and nonoral, and combined versus single agent methods differently. Two large retrospective database studies have reported two cases of pregnancy postoperatively in patients on hormonal contraceptives whose anesthetic included sugammadex. SUMMARY: Strong clinical evidence to support or refute claims of a significant impact of sugammadex on contraceptive efficacy in women on contraception is lacking. The existing evidence does not suggest a basis for concern regarding the impact of sugammadex on contraception in the perioperative setting.
Assuntos
Interações Medicamentosas , Sugammadex , gama-Ciclodextrinas , Humanos , Sugammadex/efeitos adversos , Sugammadex/administração & dosagem , Feminino , gama-Ciclodextrinas/efeitos adversos , gama-Ciclodextrinas/administração & dosagem , Anticoncepcionais Orais/efeitos adversos , GravidezRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sugammadex is a pharmacologic agent that provides rapid reversal of neuromuscular blockade via encapsulation of the neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA). The sugammadex-NMBA complex is primarily cleared through glomerular filtration from the kidney, raising the possibility that alterations in renal function could affect its elimination. In pediatric patients, the benefits of sugammadex have led to widespread utilization; however, there is limited information on its application in pediatric renal impairment. This study examined sugammadex use and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients with severe chronic renal impairment at our quaternary pediatric referral hospital. METHODS: After IRB approval, we performed a retrospective analysis in pediatric patients with stage IV and V chronic kidney disease who received sugammadex from January 2017 to March 2022. Postoperative outcomes studied included new or increased respiratory requirement, unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admission, postoperative pneumonia, anaphylaxis, and death within 48 h postoperatively, unplanned deferral of intraoperative extubation, and repeat administrations of NMBA reversal after leaving the operating room. RESULTS: The final cohort included 17 patients ranging from 8 months to 16 years old. One patient required new postoperative noninvasive ventilation on postoperative day 2, which was credited to hypervolemia. Another patient had bronchospasm intraoperatively resolving with medication, which could not definitively be associated sugammadex administration. There were no instances of deferred extubation, unplanned ICU or need for supplemental oxygen after tracheal extubation identified. CONCLUSION: No adverse effects directly attributable to sugammadex in pediatric patients with severe renal impairment were detected. There may be a role for utilization of sugammadex for neuromuscular reversal in this population.
Assuntos
Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Sugammadex , Humanos , Sugammadex/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagemAssuntos
Artéria Torácica Interna , Veia Safena , Sugammadex , Humanos , Sugammadex/administração & dosagem , Sugammadex/farmacologia , Veia Safena/efeitos dos fármacos , Artéria Torácica Interna/efeitos dos fármacos , gama-Ciclodextrinas/administração & dosagem , gama-Ciclodextrinas/farmacologia , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND While many studies have been conducted on sugammadex sodium and neostigmine in patients undergoing general anesthesia, few have explored their effects in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-three patients who underwent transbronchial cryobiopsy under general anesthesia were enrolled in a prospective randomized study. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: neostigmine combined with atropine group (group C, n=32) and sugammadex group (group S, n=31). Induction and maintenance of anesthesia were the same in both groups. Patients received rocuronium during anesthesia. At the end of the procedure, when the T2 of the train-of-four stimulation technique (TOF) monitoring appeared, neostigmine 0.04 mg/kg combined with atropine 0.02 mg/kg was injected intravenously in group C, and sodium sugammadex 2 mg/kg was injected intravenously in group S. Time from administration of muscle relaxant antagonist to recovery of TOF ratio (TOFr) to 0.9 and extubation time were recorded. The residual rate of neuromuscular blockade at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 min after extubation was calculated. RESULTS Compared to group C, group S had a significantly shorter recovery time of TOFr to 0.9 (4.0[2.0] min vs 14.0[11.0] min, P<0.001) and extubation time (4.0[3.0] min vs 11.0[7.0] min, P<0.001). The residual rate of neuromuscular blockade was remarkably lower in group S than in group C at 3, 5, and 7 min after extubation (3.2% vs 31%, 0% vs 25%, 0% vs 6%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Sugammadex is more effective than neostigmine in reversing the muscle-relaxant effect of rocuronium bromide in patients with ILDs.
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Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais , Neostigmina , Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Sugammadex , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Biópsia/métodos , Broncoscopia/métodos , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/tratamento farmacológico , Neostigmina/uso terapêutico , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodos , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Rocurônio , Sugammadex/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Post-operative urinary retention (POUR) is a known complication of hernia surgery. Minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair (IHR) is typically done under general anesthesia with neuromuscular blockade (NMB), which is commonly reversed with an anticholinesterase inhibitor paired with an anticholinergic agent. Sugammadex is a unique NMB reversal agent that does not have to be paired with an anticholinergic. We sought to explore the role of sugammadex in reducing the rate of POUR following these procedures. METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively at a single institution between February 2016 and October 2019. We identified and studied patients who underwent minimally invasive IHR and received either sugammadex or neostigmine/glycopyrrolate for NMB reversal. The primary endpoint was POUR requiring bladder catheterization. Secondary endpoints included post-operative and 30-day readmissions. RESULTS: 274 patients were included in this study (143 received neostigmine and glycopyrrolate, 131 sugammadex). The sugammadex patients were on average 5 years older than the neostigmine/ glycopyrrolate patients (63.2 vs 58.2, p = 0.003), and received less median intravenous fluids (IVF) (900 ml vs 1000 ml; p = 0.015). There was a significant difference in the rate of POUR between the sugammadex and neostigmine/glycopyrrolate patients (0.0% vs 8.4%, p ≤ 0.001). The difference remained significant after controlling for age and IVF. The odds of POUR for those who received neostigmine/glycopyrrolate were 25 × higher than the odds of those who received sugammadex. CONCLUSION: The results of this study reflect the protective role of sugammadex against POUR in minimally invasive IHR cases.
Assuntos
Herniorrafia , Neostigmina , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Sugammadex , Retenção Urinária , Humanos , Sugammadex/administração & dosagem , Sugammadex/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Retenção Urinária/prevenção & controle , Retenção Urinária/etiologia , Neostigmina/uso terapêutico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Herniorrafia/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Idoso , Glicopirrolato/uso terapêutico , Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodosRESUMO
ABSTRACT: Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by progressively worsening loss of muscle mass and weakness. Anesthesiologists face challenges in managing these patients due to risks such as prolonged intubation and delayed recovery associated with anesthesia in such conditions. We report a case of a 40-year-old male patient undergoing open total gastrectomy under general anesthesia. After the surgery, we administered sugammadex to reverse neuromuscular blockade and confirmed the patient's spontaneous breathing. We then proceeded to extubate the patient. However, the patient experienced complications such as apnea, desaturation, and mental changes. The patient was re-intubated and transferred to the intensive care unit for ventilator support. He was diagnosed with DM by genetic test later. Poor preoperative assessment or undiagnosed DM in surgical patients can lead to severe complications. Thus, it is important to carefully check preoperative laboratory results, patient history, and physical findings.
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Anestesia Geral , Distrofia Miotônica , Humanos , Distrofia Miotônica/diagnóstico , Distrofia Miotônica/complicações , Masculino , Adulto , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Gastrectomia/métodos , Sugammadex , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodosRESUMO
AIMS: Residual neuromuscular blockade has been linked to pulmonary complications in the postoperative period. This study aimed to determine whether sugammadex was associated with a lower risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) compared with neostigmine. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary academic medical center. Patients ≥18 year of age undergoing noncardiac surgical procedures with general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation were enrolled between January 2019 and September 2021. We identified all patients receiving rocuronium and reversal with neostigmine or sugammadex via electronic medical record review. The primary endpoint was a composite of PPCs (including pneumonia, atelectasis, respiratory failure, pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion, or pneumothorax). The incidence of PPCs was compared using propensity score analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1786 patients were included in this study. Among these patients, 976 (54.6%) received neostigmine, and 810 (45.4%) received sugammadex. In the whole sample, PPCs occurred in 81 (4.54%) subjects (7.04% sugammadex vs. 2.46% neostigmine). Baseline covariates were well balanced between groups after overlap weighting. Patients in the sugammadex group had similar risk (overlap weighting OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.41) compared to neostigmine. The sensitivity analysis showed consistent results. In subgroup analysis, the interaction P-value for the reversal agents stratified by surgery duration was 0.011. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the rate of PPCs when the neuromuscular blockade was reversed with sugammadex compared to neostigmine. Patients undergoing prolonged surgery may benefit from sugammadex, which needs to be further investigated.
Assuntos
Pneumopatias , Neostigmina , Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Rocurônio , Sugammadex , Humanos , Neostigmina/efeitos adversos , Neostigmina/administração & dosagem , Sugammadex/efeitos adversos , Sugammadex/administração & dosagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/efeitos adversos , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Idoso , Rocurônio/administração & dosagem , Rocurônio/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Pneumopatias/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversos , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversosAssuntos
Doenças do Cão , Miastenia Gravis , Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Sugammadex , Timoma , Cães , Animais , Miastenia Gravis/veterinária , Miastenia Gravis/cirurgia , Doenças do Cão/cirurgia , Timoma/veterinária , Timoma/cirurgia , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/veterinária , Neoplasias do Timo/veterinária , Neoplasias do Timo/cirurgia , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Feminino , gama-CiclodextrinasAssuntos
Anafilaxia , Sugammadex , Humanos , Sugammadex/efeitos adversos , Anafilaxia/induzido quimicamente , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/terapia , Anafilaxia/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/terapia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/efeitos adversos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Awake craniotomy (AC) is a neurosurgical method for the resection of brain lesions located in eloquent areas to achieve maximal and safe resection. A patient's arousal quality is essential for the success of the operation. This study compared the arousal time and quality after AC achieved by 2 different drug combinations: rocuronium with sugammadex and propofol with remifentanil. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial included 42 adult patients undergoing AC with a laryngeal mask, who were randomly assigned to either a rocuronium-sugammadex group (RS; nâ =â 21) or a propofol-remifentanil without muscle relaxant group (nRS; nâ =â 21). The primary outcomes were the arousal time and arousal quality. The secondary outcomes included the number of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) adjustments and diaphragmatic excursion length. RESULTS: This study included 42 participants. The median (IQR) arousal time was 13.5 minutes (7-20) in the RS group and 21 minutes (16.5-26.5) in the nRS group (Pâ =â .005). There was no significant difference in arousal quality between the 2 groups (Pâ =â .229). LMA adjustments were significantly less frequent in the nRS group than in the RS group [0.25 times (±0.62) vs 1.26 times (±1.17), Pâ =â .001]. Adverse events, such as spontaneous movements and brain swelling, were more frequent in the nRS group than in the RS group. CONCLUSIONS: Using a combination of rocuronium and sugammadex with propofol and remifentanil may shorten the awakening time, reduce the duration of laryngeal mask adjustment, and do not affect the arousal quality and postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing awake craniotomy, compared to propofol and remifentanil alone.
Assuntos
Anestesia , Propofol , Adulto , Humanos , Anestesia/métodos , Craniotomia/métodos , Propofol/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Remifentanil , Rocurônio , Sugammadex , Vigília , Quimioterapia Combinada/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neuromuscular blocking agents are routinely used in laparoscopic surgery to optimize operative conditions. We compared the effect of a deep and moderate neuromuscular blockade (NMB) on surgical conditions and postoperative outcomes in children undergoing major laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: Sixty children aged 2-14 years scheduled to undergo major laparoscopic surgery were randomly allocated to deep (post-tetanic count 1-2 twitches) or moderate (train-of-four 1-2 twitches) NMB groups. The anesthesia was maintained with propofol and remifentanil, and the NMB was maintained with a rocuronium continuous infusion. At the end of the operation, the NMB were antagonized with sugammadex. The intra-abdominal pressure, airway pressure, Leiden Surgical Rating Scale, intraoperative hemodynamics, drug usages, duration of surgery, postoperative recovery time, pain, and complications were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The maximum and mean intra-abdominal pressure, the peak inspiratory pressure, and mean airway pressure were significantly lower in the deep NMB group than in the moderate NMB group (p < 0.001). The Leiden Surgical Rating Scale and the dosage of rocuronium were significantly higher in the deep NMB group than the moderate NMB group (p < 0.001). The intraoperative hemodynamics, duration of surgery, post-operative recovery time, pain, and the incidence rate of complications were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A deep NMB provided better operative conditions and similar recovery profiles compared with a moderate NMB as reversed with sugammadex in children undergoing major laparoscopic surgery. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No. ChiCTR2100053821.
Assuntos
Laparoscopia , Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Rocurônio , Humanos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Criança , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Rocurônio/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Remifentanil/administração & dosagem , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Sugammadex/administração & dosagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Residual neuromuscular blockade after surgery remains a major concern given its association with pulmonary complications. However, current clinical practices with and the comparative impact on perioperative risk of various reversal agents remain understudied. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the use of sugammadex and neostigmine in the USA, and their impact on postoperative complications by examining national data. DESIGN: This population-based retrospective study used national Premier Healthcare claims data. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Patients undergoing total hip/knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA), or lumbar spine fusion surgery between 2016 and 2019 in the United States who received neuromuscular blocking agents. INTERVENTION: The effects of sugammadex and neostigmine for pharmacologically enhanced reversal were compared with each other and with controls who received no reversal agent. MAIN OUTCOMES: included pulmonary complications, cardiac complications, and a need for postoperative ventilation. Mixed-effects regression models compared the outcomes between neostigmine, sugammadex, and controls. We report odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Bonferroni-adjusted P values of 0.008 were used to indicate significance. RESULTS: Among 361â553 patients, 74.5% received either sugammadex (20.7%) or neostigmine (53.8%). Sugammadex use increased from 4.4% in 2016 to 35.4% in 2019, whereas neostigmine use decreased from 64.5% in 2016 to 43.4% in 2019. Sugammadex versus neostigmine or controls was associated with significantly reduced odds for cardiac complications (OR 0.86, 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.92 and OR 0.83, 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.89, respectively). Both sugammadex and neostigmine versus controls were associated with reduced odds for pulmonary complications (OR 0.85, 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.94 and OR 0.91, CI 0.85 to 0.98, respectively). A similar pattern of sugammadex and neostigmine was observed for a reduction in severe pulmonary complications, including the requirement of invasive ventilation (OR 0.54, 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.64 and OR 0.53, 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.6, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Population-based data indicate that sugammadex and neostigmine both appear highly effective in reducing the odds of severe life-threatening pulmonary complications. Sugammadex, especially, was associated with reduced odds of cardiac complications.
Assuntos
Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Humanos , Neostigmina/efeitos adversos , Sugammadex , Estudos Retrospectivos , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/efeitos adversos , Inibidores da Colinesterase/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Sugammadex, marketed as Bridion™, is an approved cyclodextrin (CD) based drug for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in adults undergoing surgery. Sugammadex forms an inclusion complex with the neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) rocuronium, allowing rapid reversal of muscle paralysis. In silico methods have been developed for studying CD inclusion complexes, aimed at accurately predicting their structural, energetic, dynamic, and kinetic properties, as well as binding constants. Here, a computational study aimed at characterizing the sugammadex-rocuronium system from the perspective of docking calculations, free molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and biased metadynamics simulations with potential of mean force (PMF) calculations is presented. The aim is to provide detailed information about this system, as well as to use it as a model system for validation of the methods. This method predicts results in line with experimental evidence for both the optimal structure and the quantitative value for the binding constant. Interestingly, there is a less profound preference for the orientation than might be assumed based on electrostatic interactions, suggesting that both orientations may exist in solution. These results show that this technology can efficiently analyze CD inclusion complexes and could be used to facilitate the development and optimization of novel applications for CDs.
Assuntos
Ciclodextrinas , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes , gama-Ciclodextrinas , Humanos , Adulto , Sugammadex , Rocurônio , gama-Ciclodextrinas/química , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/química , Androstanóis/químicaRESUMO
Selective relaxant binding agents (SRBA) have great potential in clinical surgeries for the precise reversal of neuromuscular blockades. Understanding the relationship between the structure-affinity-reversal effects of SRBA and neuromuscular blockade is crucial for the design of new SRBAs, which has rarely been explored. Seven anionic pillar[5]arenes (AP5As) with different aliphatic chains and anionic groups at both edges were designed. Their binding affinities to the neuromuscular blocking agent decamonium bromide (DMBr) were investigated using 1H NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and theoretical calculations. The results indicate that the capture of DMBr by AP5As is primarily driven by electrostatic interactions, ion-dipole interactions and C-Hâ§â§â§π interactions. The optimal size matching between the carboxylate AP5As and DMBr was â¼0.80. The binding affinity increased with an increase in the charge quantity of AP5As. Further animal experiments indicated that the reversal efficiency increased with increasing binding affinity for carboxylate or phosphonate AP5As. However, phosphonate AP5As exhibited lower reversal efficiencies than carboxylate AP5As, despite having stronger affinities with DMBr. By understanding the structure-affinity-reversal relationships, this study provides valuable insights into the design of innovative SRBAs for reversing neuromuscular blockade.
Assuntos
Bloqueadores Neuromusculares , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes , Organofosfonatos , gama-Ciclodextrinas , Animais , gama-Ciclodextrinas/farmacologia , Sugammadex , Bloqueadores Neuromusculares/farmacologia , BrometosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We assessed the association between education-based interventions, the frequency of train-of-four (TOF) monitoring, and postoperative outcomes. METHODS: We studied adults undergoing noncardiac surgery from February 1, 2020 through October 31, 2021. Our education-based interventions consisted of 3 phases. An interrupted time-series analysis, adjusting for patient- and procedure-related characteristics and secular trends over time, was used to assess the associations between education-based interventions and the frequency of TOF monitoring, postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), 90-day mortality, and sugammadex dosage. For each outcome and intervention phase, we tested whether the intervention at that phase was associated with an immediate change in the outcome or its trend (weekly rate of change) over time. In a sensitivity analysis, the association between education-based interventions and postoperative outcomes was adjusted for TOF monitoring. RESULTS: Of 19,422 cases, 11,636 (59.9%) had documented TOF monitoring. Monitoring frequency increased from 44.2% in the first week of preintervention stage to 83.4% in the final week of the postintervention phase. During the preintervention phase, the odds of TOF monitoring trended upward by 0.5% per week (odds ratio [OR], 1.005; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.007). Phase 1 saw an immediate 54% increase (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.33-1.79) in the odds, and the trend OR increased by 3% (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05) to 1.035, or 3.5% per week (joint Wald test, P < .001). Phase 2 was associated with a further immediate 29% increase (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02-1.64) but no significant association with trend (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-1.01) of TOF monitoring (joint test, P = .04). Phase 3 and postintervention phase were not significantly associated with the frequency of TOF monitoring (joint test, P = .16 and P = .61). The study phases were not significantly associated with PPCs or sugammadex administration. The trend OR for 90-day mortality was larger by 24% (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.45; joint test, P = .03) in phase 2 versus phase 1, from a weekly decrease of 8% to a weekly increase of 14%. However, this trend reversed again at the transition from phase 3 to the postintervention phase (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.99; joint test, P = .05), from a 14% weekly increase to a 6.2% weekly decrease in the odds of 90-day mortality. In sensitivity analyses, adjusting for TOF monitoring, we found similar associations between study initiatives and postoperative outcomes. TOF monitoring was associated with lower odds of PPCs (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55-0.86) and 90-day mortality (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63-0.98), but not sugammadex dosing (mean difference, -0.02; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our education-based interventions were associated with both TOF utilization and 90-day mortality but were not associated with either the odds of PPCs or sugammadex dosing. TOF monitoring was associated with reduced odds of PPCs and 90-day mortality.
Assuntos
Bloqueio Neuromuscular , Adulto , Humanos , Sugammadex/efeitos adversos , Bloqueio Neuromuscular/efeitos adversos , Monitoração Neuromuscular , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study compared sugammadex and neostigmine as agents for routine neuromuscular blockade reversal in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) to determine the optimal choice that achieves a shorter operation time and improved turnover efficiency while enhancing postoperative outcomes and ensuring patient safety during thoracic surgery. METHODS: This prospective study, conducted from July 2022 to March 2023, compared the effect of sugammadex and neostigmine on operation time and turnover efficiency in VATS, involving 60 participants randomly assigned to either group, with the primary objective of identifying the optimal anesthesia reversal choice for improved outcomes and patient safety during thoracic surgery. RESULTS: In the study, the sugammadex group showed a significantly shorter total operation room occupancy time (130 ± 7 vs 157 ± 7 minutes; p = 0.009) than the neostigmine group. Patients in the neostigmine group had higher mean pulse rates when leaving the operation room (85 ± 3 vs 73 ± 3 beats/min; p = 0.002) and 120 minutes later in the postanesthesia care unit (76 ± 2 vs 68 ± 2; p = 0.016). CONCLUSION: This study's findings suggest that sugammadex may enhance total operating room occupancy time, operation turnover efficacy, and respiratory recovery outcomes in VATS, potentially improving patient care and anesthesia management.