RESUMO
Objetivo: Las comunicaciones bucosinusales y buco- nasales son condiciones patológicas que se caracterizan por la presencia de una solución de continuidad entre la cavidad bucal y el seno maxilar o la cavidad nasal respectivamente. Una vez que se ha instalado una comunicación es deseable ce- rrar este defecto, evitando así la infección del seno maxilar y posibles dificultades en la deglución, fonación y masticación. Se han propuesto diferentes tratamientos para su resolución, algunos no quirúrgicos y otros quirúrgicos. Los quirúrgicos pueden realizarse desplazando tejidos locales, regionales o injertando. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar situaciones clínicas de comunicaciones bucosinusales y buco- nasales con diferentes etiologías y sus distintos tratamientos según tamaño y ubicación del defecto. Casos clínicos: Se identificaron pacientes que asistie- ron al Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Piñero presentando cuatro comunicaciones bucosinusales agudas y crónicas y una comunicación buconasal crónica. Los casos analizados fueron tratados de manera quirúrgica utilizando di- versos colgajos según tamaño y ubicación del defecto (AU)
Aim: Oroantral and oronasal communications are patho- logical conditions characterized by the presence of a solu- tion of continuity between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus or nasal cavity respectively. Once a communication has been installed, it is desirable to close this defect, thus avoid- ing infection of the maxillary sinus and possible difficulties in swallowing, phonation, and mastication. Different treatments have been proposed for its resolution, some non-surgical and others surgical. Surgical procedures can be performed by dis- placing local or regional tissue or by grafting. The aim of this case report is to present clinical situations of oral sinus and oral nasal communication with different etiologies and their different treatments according to the size and location of the defect. Clinical cases: A group of patients who attended the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of Piñero Hospital presenting four acute and chronic oral sinus and one oronasal communi- cations were identified. The analyzed cases were treated sur- gically using different flaps according to the size and location of the defect (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Teníase/complicações , Língua/patologia , Cisticercose/cirurgia , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Argentina , Biópsia/métodos , Diagnóstico DiferencialRESUMO
The larval stage of the parasite Taenia solium can encyst in the central nervous system causing neurocysticercosis, which is the main cause of acquired epilepsy in the countries in which the parasite is endemic. Endemic areas are those with the presence (or likely presence) of the full life cycle of Taenia solium. The parasite is most prevalent in poor and vulnerable communities in which pigs roam free, open defecation is practiced, basic sanitation is deficient, and health education is absent or limited. Several tools are available for the control of Taenia solium. Preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis, which is directed at the adult tapeworm, is one of them. Other tools focus on pig management, pig vaccination and treatment, sanitation and hygiene, and community education. Three potential drugsniclosamide, praziquantel, and albendazolehave been considered for use for preventive chemotherapy in Taenia solium taeniasis control programs through mass drug administration or targeted chemotherapy. In this Guideline, we provide recommendations for preventive chemotherapy in Taenia solium-endemic areas using niclosamide, praziquantel, or albendazole, including at which dose and in which population groups. The development of this Guideline is based on the latest standard World Health Organization methods for guideline development, including the use of systematic search strategies, synthesis, quality assessment of the available evidence to support the recommendations, and participation of experts and stakeholders in the Guideline Development Group and External Review Group. The recommendations are intended for a wide audience, including policymakers and their expert advisers, and technical and program staff at governmental institutions and organizations involved in the planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of preventive chemotherapy programs for the control of Taenia solium.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Criança , Adolescente , Teníase/tratamento farmacológico , Taenia solium/efeitos dos fármacos , Tratamento Farmacológico , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Teníase/complicações , Albendazol/administração & dosagem , Niclosamida/análogos & derivadosAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Derrame Pleural/etiologia , Teníase/complicações , Ascaridíase , Albendazol , EosinofiliaRESUMO
Reintroduction of Taenia solium into a region in Peru where it had been eliminated prompted evaluation of the possibility of reintroduction from an urban reservoir of taeniasis. In a cross-sectional study of an adjacent urban area, we found low prevalence of taeniasis (4/1,621; 0.25%), suggesting minimal risk of parasite reintroduction into rural areas through this route.
Assuntos
Neurocisticercose/epidemiologia , Teníase/epidemiologia , População Urbana , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/transmissão , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Taeniasis is a cosmopolitan helminthic disease caused by Taenia species, which included Taenia solium, Taenia saginata, and Taenia asiatica. These parasites typically infect the small intestine, but cases of aberrant migration have been reported. We treated a 70-year-old man who presented with vomiting and colicky abdominal pain. On physical examination, Murphy's sign was positive, and laboratory findings indicated severe inflammation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed typical features of cholecystitis. An 82-cm-long, slender and degenerated, parasite-like organism was aspirated through a percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage tube. After extensive washing of the organism, we detected yellowish-brown colored, spherical 37.9 × 33.8-µm-sized taenid eggs with thick transverse striations. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained worm sections also contained Taeniidae eggs. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA extracted from the worm with species-specific cytochrome c1 (cox1) primer sets detected a T. solium-specific fragment. Because of sustained high fever combined with inflammatory signs, the patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and inflamed gallbladder removal. A histopathologic specimen demonstrated chronic reactive cholecystitis. The patient's fever and leukocytosis rapidly resolved after surgery. We experienced an uncommon case of biliary taeniasis representing cholecystitis caused by adult worm of T. solium.
Assuntos
Sistema Biliar/parasitologia , Colecistite/diagnóstico , Colecistite/etiologia , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/diagnóstico , Abdome/diagnóstico por imagem , Abdome/parasitologia , Idoso , Animais , Sistema Biliar/diagnóstico por imagem , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Colecistite/parasitologia , DNA de Helmintos/genética , Fezes/parasitologia , Humanos , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Especificidade da Espécie , Taenia , Taenia solium/genética , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection has been associated with lower cognitive performance of schoolchildren. To identify pathways through which STH infection might affect school performance, baseline data from a large rice-fortification trial in Cambodian schoolchildren were used to investigate associations between STH infection, micronutrient status, anemia, and cognitive performance. Complete data on anthropometry, cognitive performance, and micronutrient status were available for 1,760 schoolchildren, 6-16 years of age. STH infection was identified using Kato-Katz, whereas cognitive performance was assessed using Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM), block design, and picture completion. STH infection was found in 18% of the children; almost exclusively hookwork infection. After adjusting for age and gender, raw cognitive test scores were significantly lower in hookworm-infected children (-0.65; -0.78; -2.03 points for picture completion, RCPM, and block design, respectively; P < 0.05 for all). Hookworm infection was associated with iron status (total body iron), but not with vitamin A and zinc status, nor with inflammation or anthropometry. Body iron was negatively associated with increased intensity of hookworm infection (R = 0.22, P < 0.001). Hookworm infection in Cambodian schoolchildren was associated with lower cognitive performance, an effect most likely mediated through lower body iron. Interventions that are more effective against hookworm infection are needed to contribute to better health and improvement of cognitive performance.
Assuntos
Anemia Ferropriva/psicologia , Cognição , Disfunção Cognitiva/psicologia , Ferritinas/metabolismo , Infecções por Uncinaria/psicologia , Ferro/metabolismo , Receptores da Transferrina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Anemia Ferropriva/complicações , Anemia Ferropriva/metabolismo , Ascaríase/complicações , Ascaríase/metabolismo , Ascaríase/psicologia , Camboja , Criança , Disfunção Cognitiva/complicações , Disfunção Cognitiva/metabolismo , Coinfecção , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Infecções por Uncinaria/complicações , Infecções por Uncinaria/metabolismo , Humanos , Deficiências de Ferro , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Classe Social , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/metabolismo , Teníase/psicologia , Tricuríase/complicações , Tricuríase/metabolismo , Tricuríase/psicologia , Vitamina A/metabolismo , Zinco/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Appendicitis is the most common cause of operation in the children. Fekalit, lymphoid hyperplasia, parasites and foreign bodies are accused as the causes of appendicitis. In this study, we wanted to evaluate that the role of parasitic infections in pediatric appendicitis. METHODS: Histopathological results of the patients who underwent operations for acute appendicitis between January 2008 and 2014 were evaluated. The patients who have parasite in appendiceal specimens were detected and parasites were recorded. RESULTS: Fourteen of 846 patients underwent appendectomy, were classified as parasitic appendicitis. Enterobius vermicularis was observed in 12 and Taenia spp. was observed in 2 patients, Three children with appendicitis had parasitic infection in pathological examination. Two of them were Enterobius vermicularis, and one was Taenia spp. CONCLUSION: Enterobius vermicularis is the most common parasites in appendiks. Parasites often cause abdominal pain at right lower quadrant without any inflammation in the appendiks. However, parasites are responsible for some appendicitis as an etiologic factor. In our study, 0.39% of patients with appendicitis, parasites were also detected. As a result, we think that right lower quadrant pain and the incidence of appendicitis will reduce by time with the diagnosis and treatment of parasites.
Assuntos
Apendicite/parasitologia , Enterobíase/complicações , Teníase/complicações , Dor Abdominal/parasitologia , Doença Aguda , Animais , Apendicectomia , Apendicite/cirurgia , Apêndice/parasitologia , Apêndice/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Enterobíase/epidemiologia , Enterobius/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taenia/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We tested refugee camp residents on the Thailand-Myanmar border for Taenia solium infection. Taeniasis prevalence was consistent with that for other disease-endemic regions, but seropositivity indicating T. solium taeniasis was rare. Seropositivity indicating cysticercosis was 5.5% in humans, and 3.2% in pigs. Corralling pigs and providing latrines may control transmission of these tapeworms within this camp.
Assuntos
Neurocisticercose/etiologia , Prevalência , Refugiados/estatística & dados numéricos , Teníase/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Endêmicas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mianmar/epidemiologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Teníase/complicações , Tailândia/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Glucocorticoides/administração & dosagem , Hidroxicloroquina/administração & dosagem , Intestino Delgado , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Teníase , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Antinucleares/sangue , Antirreumáticos/administração & dosagem , Antirreumáticos/sangue , Autoimunidade , Confusão/diagnóstico , Confusão/etiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Alucinações/diagnóstico , Alucinações/etiologia , Humanos , Obstrução Intestinal/diagnóstico , Obstrução Intestinal/etiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/cirurgia , Intestino Delgado/parasitologia , Intestino Delgado/cirurgia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Taenia solium/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/diagnóstico , Teníase/fisiopatologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is characteristic of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Helminth parasites have developed immunomodulatory strategies that may impact the outcome of several inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we investigated whether Taenia crassiceps infection is able to decrease the inflammatory effects of dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Preinfection significantly reduced the manifestations of DSS-induced colitis, as weight loss and shortened colon length, and decreased the disease activity index independently of the genetic background of the mice. Taenia infection decreased systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines while increasing levels of IL-4 and IL-10, and the inflammatory infiltrate into the colon was also markedly reduced. RT-PCR assays from colon showed that T. crassiceps-infected mice displayed increased expression of Arginase-1 but decreased expression of iNOS compared to DSS-treated uninfected mice. The percentages of T regulatory cells were not increased. The adoptive transfer of alternatively activated macrophages (AAMФs) from infected mice into mice with DSS-induced colitis reduced the severity of colon inflammation. Administration of indomethacin abrogated the anticolitic effect of Taenia. Thus, T. crassiceps infection limits the pathology of ulcerative colitis by suppressing inflammatory responses mechanistically associated with AAMФs and prostaglandins.
Assuntos
Colite Ulcerativa/parasitologia , Doença de Crohn/parasitologia , Inflamação/parasitologia , Prostaglandinas/biossíntese , Animais , Arginase , Colite Ulcerativa/induzido quimicamente , Colite Ulcerativa/genética , Doença de Crohn/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Crohn/genética , Sulfato de Dextrana/toxicidade , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/genética , Interleucina-10/biossíntese , Interleucina-4/biossíntese , Mucosa Intestinal/parasitologia , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/patologia , Camundongos , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/biossíntese , Prostaglandinas/metabolismo , Taenia/patogenicidade , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/parasitologiaAssuntos
Carcinogênese/patologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundário , Neoplasias do Íleo/patologia , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/patologia , Teníase/complicações , Animais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cardíacas/parasitologia , Humanos , Neoplasias do Íleo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Íleo/parasitologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/parasitologia , Taenia saginata/isolamento & purificação , Teníase/diagnósticoRESUMO
Pneumonia is the leading killer of children worldwide. Here, we report that helminth-infected mice develop fatal pneumonia when challenged with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mice were chronically infected with either the flatworm Taenia crassiceps or the roundworm Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Upon challenge with a pneumonic type 3 strain of S. pneumoniae (A66.1), the worm-infected mice developed pneumonia at a rate and to a degree higher than age-matched control mice as measured by bioluminescent imaging and lung titers. This predisposition to pneumonia appears to be specific to S. pneumoniae, as worm-infected mice did not show evidence of increased morbidity when challenged with a lethal dose of influenza virus or sublethal doses of Staphylococcus aureus or Listeria monocytogenes. The defect was also present when worm-infected mice were challenged with a type 2 sepsis-causing strain (D39); an increased rate of pneumonia, decreased survival, and increased lung and blood titers were found. Pneumococcal colonization and immunity against acute otitis media were unaffected. Anti-helminthic treatment in the H. polygyrus model reversed this susceptibility. We conclude that helminth coinfection predisposes mice to fatal pneumococcal pneumonia by promoting increased outgrowth of bacteria in the lungs and blood. These data have broad implications for the prevention and treatment for pneumonia in the developing world, where helminth infections are endemic and pneumococcal pneumonia is common.
Assuntos
Bacteriemia/patologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/patologia , Infecções por Strongylida/complicações , Teníase/complicações , Animais , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bacteriemia/mortalidade , Carga Bacteriana , Sangue/microbiologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Pulmão/microbiologia , Pulmão/patologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/microbiologia , Pneumonia Pneumocócica/mortalidade , Análise de SobrevidaAssuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/secundário , Gastroscopia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Teníase/diagnóstico , Idoso , Animais , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/complicações , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Masculino , Melena/etiologia , Taenia saginata , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Genotoxicity induced by neurocysticercosis has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in humans. The adult stage of Taenia solium lodges in the small intestine and is the main risk factor to acquire neurocysticercosis, nevertheless its carcinogenic potential has not been evaluated. In this study, we determined the genotoxic effect of T. solium infection in the hamster model of taeniosis. In addition, we assessed the effect of oral immunization with recombinant T. solium calreticulin (rTsCRT) plus cholera toxin as adjuvant on micronuclei induction, as this protein has been shown to induce 33-44% protection in the hamster model of taeniosis. Blood samples were collected from the orbital venous plexus of noninfected and infected hamsters at different days postinfection, as well as from orally immunized animals, to evaluate the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes as a measure of genotoxicity induced by parasite exposure and rTsCRT vaccination. Our results indicate that infection with T. solium caused time-dependent DNA damage in vivo and that rTsCRT immunization reduced the genotoxic damage induced by the presence of the tapeworms.
Assuntos
Calreticulina/imunologia , Calreticulina/uso terapêutico , Dano ao DNA , Taenia solium/fisiologia , Teníase/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Animais , Cricetinae , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Imunização , Testes para Micronúcleos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Teníase/complicaçõesAssuntos
Doenças do Sistema Digestório/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/terapia , Doenças Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Doenças Parasitárias/terapia , Algoritmos , Amebíase/complicações , Amebíase/diagnóstico , Amebíase/epidemiologia , Amebíase/terapia , Ascaríase/complicações , Ascaríase/diagnóstico , Ascaríase/epidemiologia , Ascaríase/terapia , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/etiologia , Equinococose/complicações , Equinococose/diagnóstico , Equinococose/epidemiologia , Equinococose/terapia , Enterobíase/complicações , Enterobíase/diagnóstico , Enterobíase/epidemiologia , Enterobíase/terapia , Giardíase/complicações , Giardíase/diagnóstico , Giardíase/epidemiologia , Giardíase/terapia , Humanos , Doenças Parasitárias/complicações , Doenças Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Teníase/complicações , Teníase/diagnóstico , Teníase/epidemiologia , Teníase/terapiaRESUMO
It was previously reported by our group that infection with Taenia crassiceps reduces incidence and severity of inflammatory and autoimmune experimental diseases like type 1 diabetes and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In this research, we set out to study whether infection with T. crassiceps would affect the development of experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We found that mice infected with the parasite and induced with experimental RA showed similar clinical scores as the noninfected experimental RA group; systemic cytokines were not affected while anti-CII Abs were higher in the infected group. Histological evaluation showed damage in both infected and noninfected experimental RA-induced groups and although some surface molecules such as PDL-2 and MR which are associated with immunomodulatory mechanisms were upregulated in the infected and RA-induced group as compared to the noninfected RA group, they did not exert any changes in the outcome of experimental RA. Thus, we determined that infection with T. crassiceps does not influence the outcome of experimental RA.