Negative-pressure wound therapy in skin grafts: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

INTRODUCTION: Although skin grafts are widely used in reconstruction of large skin defect and complex wounds, many factors lead to suboptimal graft take. Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) reportedly increases the graft take rates when added to skin grafting, but a summary analysis of the data of randomized controlled trials has yet to be performed. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the effectiveness and safety of NPWT and non-NPWT for patients with skin grafts. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI for relevant trials based on predetermined eligibility criteria from database establishment to February 2020. Two reviewers screened citations and extracted data independently. The quality of the included studies was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook, whereas statistical heterogeneity was assessed using chi-square tests and I2 statistics. Review Manager 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Ten randomized controlled trials with 488 patients who underwent NPWT or non-NPWT were included. Compared with non-NPWT, NPWT yielded an improved the percentage of graft take, a reduction in days from grafting to discharge, with lower relative risk of re-operation, and no increased relative risk of adverse event. Further, the subgroup analysis showed an improved the percentage of graft take in negative pressure of 80 mmHg, and no improved the percentage of graft take in negative pressure of 125 mmHg. CONCLUSION: NPWT is more effective than non-NPWT for the integration of skin grafts, and the negative pressure of 80 mmHg can be recommended. Data on adverse events and negative pressure are, however, limited. A better understanding of complications after NPWT and the ideal negative pressure for the integration of skin grafts is imperative.

Biofabrication and preclinical evaluation of a large-sized human self-assembled skin substitute.

Severe skin burns are widely treated using split-thickness skin autografts. However, the accessibility of the donor site may be limited depending on the size of the injured surface. As an alternative to skin autografts, our laboratory is clinically investigating a model of human self-assembled skin substitute (SASS) with a standard size of 35 cm2. For the management of extensive skin wounds, multiple grafts are required to cover the entire wound bed. Even if SASSs could provide an adequate and efficient treatment, in some cases, the long-term follow-up of the skin graft site reveals the appearance of marks at the junction between SASSs. This study aims to produce a large-sized self-assembled skin substitute (L-SASS; 289 cm2) and evaluate its preclinical potential for skin wound coverage. The L-SASSs and SASSs shared similar contraction behavior on an agar surface, thickness, and epidermal differentiation in vitro. After grafting, similar histological results were obtained for skin substitutes produced with both methods. Hence, the self-assembly approach of tissue engineering is a scaffold-free method that allows the production of living skin substitutes in a large format.

Cell attachment effects of collagen nanoparticles on crosslinked electrospun nanofibers.

Since collagen is naturally a main extracellular matrix protein, it has been applied widely in skin's tissue engineering scaffolds to mimics the characteristics of extracellular matrix for proper transplantation of living cells. However, there are challenges that come with application of this natural polymer such as high solubility in aqueous environments which requires further consideration such as chemically cross-linking in order to stabilization. But these treatments also affect its functionality and finally cellular behaviors on scaffold. In this research we evaluated the suitability of collagen nanofibers versus collagen nanoparticles for cell adhesion and viability on glutaraldehyde cross-linked scaffolds. Appling a dual-pump electrospining machine a blend PCL-Gelatin from one side and collagen nanofibers or collagen nanoparticles from the other side were collected on the collector. The fabricated scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, and mechanical analysis. The cell viability, adhesion and morphology were studied respectively using MTT assay, hoechst staining and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated significantly improvement of cell viability, adhesion and better spreading on scaffolds with collagen nanoparticles than collagen nanofibers. It seems changes in surface morphology, viscoelastic moduli and swelling ability following cross-linking with glutaraldehyde in scaffold with collagen nanoparticles are still favorable for cellular proliferation. Based on these results, in the case of glutaraldehyde cross-linking, application of collagen nanoparticles rather than collagen nanofibers in tissue regeneration scaffolds will better mimic the extracellular matrix characteristics; and preserve the viability and adhesion of seeded cells.

A Wearable Augmented Reality Navigation System for Surgical Telementoring Based on Microsoft HoloLens.

This paper reports a new type of augmented reality (AR) system that integrates a Microsoft HoloLens device with a three-dimensional (3D) point tracking module for medical training and telementored surgery. In this system, a stereo camera is used to track the 3D position of a scalpel and transfer its coordinates wirelessly to a HoloLens device. In the scenario of surgical training, a virtual surgical scene with pre-recorded surgical annotations is superimposed with the actual surgical scene so that the surgical trainee is able to operate following virtual instructions. In the scenario of telementored surgery, the virtual surgical scene is co-registered with the actual surgical scene so that the virtual scalpel remotely mentored by an experienced surgeon provides the AR guidance for the inexperienced on-site operator. The performance characteristics of the proposed AR telementoring system are verified by benchtop experiments. The clinical applicability of the proposed system in telementored skin grafting surgery and fasciotomy is validated in a New Zealand rabbit model. Our benchtop and in vivo experiments demonstrate the potential to improve surgical performance and reduce healthcare disparities in remote areas with limited resources.

Evaluation of a cross-linked versus non-cross-linked collagen matrix in full-thickness skin defects.

Autologous skin transplantation is the gold standard for treatment of full-thickness skin defects such as deep burn injuries, but has the disadvantages of limited donor sites and donor site morbidities. Alternative skin replacement products, such as xenografts and allografts, are not a permanent solution. Numerous manufactured skin substitutes already show promising approaches, but have limited efficacy. Therefore, wound dressings adaptable to the physiology of wound healing are still needed. In a randomized controlled in vivo study, a newly designed biocompatible collagen nonwoven matrix was compared to the Integra® bilayer dermal substitute and untreated controls in 48 full-thickness skin defects in a swine model. The take of all templates was complete, and all the tissue-engineered products accelerated dermal wound healing compared to the untreated controls, as identified by planimetric measurements. The higher collagen dose treatments and Integra®-covered wounds developed the thickest, cell-rich neoepidermal tissue in histological examination. The innovative biocompatible collagen matrix is flexibly applicable and modifiable, and offers potential as a carrier membrane for therapeutic supplemental products such as growth factors to further develop effective wound dressings.

Preparation and characterization of human keratinocyte-fibroblast cell sheets constructed using PNIAM-co-AM grafted surfaces for burn wound healing.

Autologous skin grafting, the standard treatment for severe burns, is sometimes not possible due to the limited available skin surfaces for the procedure. With advances in tissue engineering, various cell-based skin substitutes have been developed to serve as skin replacements and to promote tissue regeneration and healing. In this work, we propose the use of cell sheet technology to fabricate keratinocyte-fibroblast tissue constructs from the temperature-responsive poly(N-isoproprylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PNIAM-co-AM) grafted surfaces for the treatment of burn wounds. The characteristics of the human keratinocyte and fibroblast cell sheets harvested using PNIAM-co-AM grafted surfaces were similar to those cell sheets detached from the commercially-available UpCellTM plates. Upon lowering the incubation temperature, confluent keratinocytes and fibroblasts could be detached as intact sheets, consisting of biologically active cells, as indicated by their high cell viability and their reattachment, migratory, and proliferative activities. A histological analysis of the stratified keratinocyte-fibroblast cell sheets revealed the evidence of cell migration and tissue reorganization to form two distinct epidermal and dermal layers, quite similar to the skin tissue's structure. In addition, the keratinocyte-fibroblast sheets could synthesize and release significant amounts of essential cytokines and growth factors involved in regulating the wound healing process, including IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF, and bFGF, implying the therapeutic effect of these cell sheets, which could be beneficial to accelerate tissue repair and regeneration, leading to faster wound healing.

Quality of life and patient satisfaction after implant-based breast reconstruction with or without acellular dermal matrix: randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in implant-based breast reconstructions (IBBRs) aims to improve cosmetic outcomes. Six-month data are presented from a randomized trial evaluating whether IBBR with ADM provides higher health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient-reported cosmetic outcomes compared with conventional IBBR without ADM. METHODS: In this multicentre open-label RCT, women with breast cancer planned for mastectomy with immediate IBBR in four centres in Sweden and one in the UK were allocated randomly (1 : 1) to IBBR with or without ADM. HRQoL, a secondary endpoint, was measured as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) using three validated instruments (EORTC-QLQC30, QLQ-BR23, QLQ-BRR26) at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS: Between 24 April 2014 and 10 May 2017, 135 women were enrolled, of whom 64 with and 65 without ADM were included in the final analysis. At 6 months after surgery, patient-reported HRQoL, measured with generic QLQ-C30 or breast cancer-specific QLQ-BR23, was similar between the groups. For patient-reported cosmetic outcomes, two subscale items, cosmetic outcome (8·66, 95 per cent c.i. 0·46 to 16·86; P = 0·041) and problems finding a well-fitting bra (-13·21, -25·54 to -0·89; P = 0·038), yielded higher scores in favour of ADM, corresponding to a small to moderate clinical difference. None of the other 27 domains measured showed any significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: IBBR with ADM was not superior in terms of higher levels of HRQoL compared with IBBR without ADM. Although two subscale items of patient-reported cosmetic outcomes favoured ADM, the majority of cosmetic items showed no significant difference between treatments at 6 months. Registration number: NCT02061527 ( www.clinicaltrials.gov).

ANTECEDENTES: Se ha propuesto la utilización de mallas dérmicas acelulares (acellular dermal matrix, ADM) en las reconstrucciones mamarias con prótesis (implant'based breast reconstructions, IBBR) como forma de mejorar los resultados estéticos. Se presentan los resultados a 6 meses de un ensayo aleatorizado, que evaluó si la IBBR con ADM proporcionaba mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (health'related quality of life, HRQOL) y mejores resultados estéticos percibidos por la paciente en comparación con la IBBR convencional sin ADM. MÉTODOS: Se ha propuesto la utilización de mallas dérmicas acelulares (acellular dermal matrix, ADM) en las reconstrucciones mamarias con prótesis (implant'based breast reconstructions, IBBR) como forma de mejorar los resultados estéticos. Se presentan los resultados a 6 meses de un ensayo aleatorizado, que evaluó si la IBBR con ADM proporcionaba mejor calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (health'related quality of life, HRQOL) y mejores resultados estéticos percibidos por la paciente en comparación con la IBBR convencional sin ADM. RESULTADOS: Entre el 24 de abril de 2014 y el 10 de mayo de 2017, se consideraron 135 mujeres, de las que se incluyeron en el análisis final 64 con ADM y 65 sin ADM. A los 6 meses de la intervención, la HRQOL medida con los cuestionarios QLQ-C30 (genérico) y QLQ-BR23 (específico para el cáncer de mama) fue similar en los dos grupos. Con respecto a los resultados estéticos percibidos por la paciente, se obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones a favor de la ADM en dos sub-escalas: "resultado estético" (8,66, i.c. del 95%, 0,46-16,86, P = 0,041) y "problemas para encontrar un sujetador que se ajuste bien" −13,21 (i.c. del 95% −25, 54 a −0,89, P = 0,038), lo que representa una diferencia clínica pequeña-moderada. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en ninguno de los otros 27 dominios medidos. CONCLUSIÓN: No se pudo demostrar la superioridad de la IBBR con ADM mediante variables relacionadas con la calidad de vida. Aunque se obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones con la ADM en dos sub-escalas de los PROMs, no hubo diferencias entre ambos tratamientos en la mayoría de las variables estéticas a los 6 meses.

An observational pilot study using a purified reconstituted bilayer matrix to treat non-healing diabetic foot ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) have significant clinical impact and carry a substantial economic burden. Patients with DFUs that are refractory to standard wound care are at risk for major complications, including infection and amputation and have an increased risk of mortality. This study evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of a novel decellularised purified reconstituted bilayer matrix (PRBM) in treating DFUs. Ten diabetic patients with refractory wounds that failed to heal after at least 4 weeks of standard wound care were studied in this Institutional Review Board approved trial. Ten consecutive wounds were treated weekly with the PRBM for up to 12 weeks. At each weekly visit, the wound was evaluated, photographed, and cleaned, followed by application of new graft if not completely epithelialised. Assessment included measurement of the wound area and inspection of the wound site for signs of complications. The primary outcome measure was wound closure, as adjudicated by independent reviewers. Secondary outcomes included assessment of overall adverse events, time to closure, percent area reduction, and the cost of product(s) used. Nine of 10 patients achieved complete wound closure within 4 weeks, and 1 did not heal completely within 12 weeks. The mean time to heal was 2.7 weeks. The mean wound area reduction at 12 weeks was 99%. No adverse events nor wound complications were observed. These early clinical findings suggest that the PRBM may be an effective tool in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

A Review of 3-Dimensional Skin Bioprinting Techniques: Applications, Approaches, and Trends.

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering is used to fabricate 3-dimensional (3D) artificial scaffolds to create a microenvironment that mimics human tissue. Bioprinting uses biomaterials, cells, and/or bioink to fabricate prospective scaffolds to mirror the structural, compositional, and functional aspects of the skin. Various bioprinting methods (inkjet-based bioprinting, pressure-assisted bioprinting, and laser-assisted bioprinting) have been used for regenerative wound repair and have been characterized based on biocompatibility, cellular microenvironment, cell proliferation, vitality, and morphology. OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the basic principles of 3D printing, current 3D skin bioprinting applications and approaches, and future directions for regenerative medical skin constructs. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed with keywords "three-dimensional printing," "dermatologic surgery," "bioprinting," "reconstructive surgical procedures," "wound healing," "skin grafts," "skin scaffolds," "tissue reconstruction," and "tissue engineering." RESULTS: A summary of the different applications and 3-dimensional skin bioprinting techniques is presented. In addition, synthetic, natural, and combination polymers are reviewed. Advantages, disadvantages, indications, and approaches are discussed in depth. CONCLUSION: Skin grafting is a dynamic technique of dermal reconstruction that can be successful with comprehensive knowledge of skin bioprinting methods.

Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Complex Lower Extremity Reconstruction: Outcomes and Costs for Biologically Based, Local Tissue Rearrangement, and Free Flap Reconstruction.

BACKGROUND: Various surgical techniques exist for lower extremity reconstruction, but limited high-quality data exist to inform treatment strategies. Using multi-institutional data and rigorous matching, the authors evaluated the effectiveness and cost of three common surgical reconstructive modalities. METHODS: All adult subjects with lower extremity wounds who received bilayer wound matrix, local tissue rearrangement, or free flap reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed (from 2010 to 2017). Cohorts' comorbidities and wound characteristics were balanced. Graft success at 180 days was the primary outcome; readmissions, reoperations, and costs were secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Five hundred one subjects (166 matrix, 190 rearrangement, and 145 free flap patients) were evaluated. Matched subjects (n = 312; 104/group) were analyzed. Reconstruction success at 180 days for matrix, local tissue rearrangement, and free flaps was 69.2 percent, 91.3 percent, and 93.3 percent (p < 0.001), and total costs per subject were $34,877, $35,220, and $53,492 (p < 0.001), respectively. Median length of stay was at least 2 days longer for free flaps (p < 0.0001). Readmissions and reoperations were greater for free flaps. Local tissue rearrangement, if achievable, provided success at low cost. Free flaps were effective with large, traumatic wounds but at higher costs and longer length of stay. Matrices successfully treated older, obese patients without exposed bone. CONCLUSIONS: Lower extremity reconstruction can be performed effectively using multiple modalities with varying degrees of success and costs. Local tissue rearrangement and free flaps demonstrate success rates greater than 90 percent. Bilayer wound matrix-based reconstruction effectively treats a distinct patient population. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.

Indications and Limitations of Bilayer Wound Matrix-Based Lower Extremity Reconstruction: A Multidisciplinary Case-Control Study of 191 Wounds.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the efficacy of newer skin substitute scaffolds to reconstruct complex lower extremity wounds. The investigators present a multihospital experience of reconstructive surgeons utilizing collagen-GAG bilayer wound matrix in lower extremity soft-tissue reconstruction with the goals to (1) characterize a suitable patient population, (2) categorize failures to optimize patient selection, and (3) determine wound factors affecting success. METHODS: Subjects underwent collagen-GAG-based lower extremity wound reconstruction from May of 2010 to June of 2017. The primary outcome variable was 180-day graft success, defined as eventual split-thickness skin grafting after bilayer wound matrix application; failure was defined as inadequate wound bed for split-thickness skin grafting, requirement for vascularized tissue transfer, or eventual amputation. Eligible subjects had at least one lower extremity wound and were at least 18 years old. Exclusion criteria included third-degree burn wounds or failure to follow up for at least 60 days postoperatively. Predictor variables included demographics, medical comorbidities, perioperative characteristics, postoperative complications, and cost-related data for each hospitalization. RESULTS: There were 147 subjects with 191 wounds. Mean patient age was 60.1 years (range, 21.0 to 95.6 years), and mean body mass index was 30.5 kg/m (range, 14.4 to 64.7 kg/m). Average wound size was 73.1 ± 137.7 cm, with 49.0 percent of subjects receiving adjunct postoperative negative-pressure wound therapy. Seventy percent of wounds were successfully healed at 180 days. Most were localized between the knee and ankle (50.8 percent) or foot (46.1 percent). Tendon exposure (p < 0.05), bone exposure (p < 0.01), and bone excision (p < 0.04) were associated with reconstructive failure. CONCLUSIONS: The authors present the largest reported multihospital, multidisciplinary experience with collagen-GAG wound matrix for lower extremity reconstruction. Tendon and/or bone exposure and socioeconomic factors were associated with failure. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, III.

Dermatome-Induced Lacerations: An Unspoken Problem in Burn Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Dermatome-induced lacerations are a known complication; however, there is a paucity of literature discussing the incidence and predisposing factors. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors to develop a preventive algorithm. METHODS: An 18-question survey was sent to all US and Canadian burn unit directors. Surgeons were queried about type and location of their practices, average annual caseload of skin graft harvesting, and number of dermatome-induced lacerations. The survey also asked about donor site location, harvesting technique and equipment, laceration severity, and causative factors. An algorithm was developed based on the results. RESULTS: Fifty-six responses (42% response rate) were received from the burn unit directors. They reported an estimated 133 lacerations over the past 5 y. The overall incidence of dermatome-induced lacerations was approximately 0.1% per year (1.3 per 1000 cases). The most commonly attributed causes were excessive pressure (25.0%) and patient factors (18.4%). Most lacerations occurred when using air dermatomes (73.0%) with a 4-inch guard (63.5%), 0.010- to 0.015-inch thickness (78.4%), and 30°-45° angulation (47.3%); the most common brand was Zimmer (71.6%). The dermatome was typically set up by a scrub tech or nurse (48.6%), whereas the skin harvesting was performed by residents (39.2%) or attendings (35.1%). Lacerations typically extended to subcutaneous tissue (70.3%), with no neurovascular injury (86.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that dermatome-induced lacerations are rare events and that certain factors predispose patients to injury. An algorithm was developed to provide guidance on risk factor identification and the set up and use of dermatomes.

Using Remote Fields for Complex Tissue Engineering.

Great strides have been taken towards the in vitro engineering of clinically relevant tissue constructs using the classic triad of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. In this perspective, we highlight ways in which these elements can be manipulated or stimulated using a fourth component: the application of remote fields. This arena has gained great momentum over the last few years, with a recent surge of interest in using magnetic, optical, and acoustic fields to guide the organization of cells, materials, and biochemical factors. We summarize recent developments and trends in this arena and then lay out a series of challenges that we believe, if met, could enable the widespread adoption of remote fields in mainstream tissue engineering.

Avaliação da sensibilidade em áreas de enxerto cutâneo do membro superior de pacientes queimados e sua repercussão na qualidade de vida / Assessment of skin graft areas sensibility of upper limb of burned patients and its repercussion on quality of life

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a sensibilidade de áreas que receberam enxerto de pele nos membros superiores de pacientes queimados e sua percepção de como a sensibilidade está relacionada à sua qualidade de vida. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 30 indivíduos, com queimadura em membro superior, tratados com enxertia. Foram obtidos dados pessoais e histórico da lesão. Aplicava-se a escala de Vancouver para avaliar a sensibilidade da área enxertada e a mesma era medida. A sensibilidade tátil foi avaliada por meio de um estesiômetro, já a sensibilidade térmica foi avaliada por meio de um tubo de ensaio com água a 40°C, com água temperatura ambiente e aplicava-se gelo. Por meio da utilização do TENS, no modo convencional e com variação de intensidade e frequência (VIF), avaliou-se a sensação de prurido e sensibilidade nociceptiva, respectivamente. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do BSHS-R. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: Queimaduras nos membros superiores tratadas com enxerto de pele precisam de estímulos de intensidades maiores para despertar sensação nas áreas queimadas quando comparadas às sadias. A sensibilidade térmica tende a retornar mais rápido. As alterações da sensibilidade na área do enxerto interferem na qualidade de vida do paciente.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity of areas that received skin grafts on the upper limbs of burned patients and their perception of how the sensitivity is related to their quality of life. METHODS: Thirty individuals with burns on the upper limbs, treated with grafting, were evaluated. Personal data and history of the injury were obtained. The Vancouver scale was applied to assess the sensitivity of the grafted area and it was measured. The tactile sensitivity was assessed by means of a stoichiometer, whereas the thermal sensitivity was assessed by means of a test tube with water at 40°C, with water at room temperature and ice was applied. Through the use of TENS, in the conventional way and with varying intensity and frequency (VIF), itching sensation and nociceptive sensitivity were evaluated, respectively. Quality of life was assessed using the BSHS-R. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Burns in the upper limbs treated with a skin graft need stimuli of greater intensity to arouse sensations when compared to healthy areas. Thermal sensitivity tends to return faster. Sensitivity changes in the graft area interfere with patients quality of life.

Advances in Hair Transplantation Technology: Multiphasic Device for Follicular Unit Excision.

Follicular unit excision (FUE) requires the careful excision of hair-bearing follicular units. The follicle can only be detached from the skin once the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues are cut, and each layer requires a different amount of force. Traditional FUE devices can be set only to a single speed during a single excision. The Trivellini Device is a first-in-class programmable multiphasic device that is able to accommodate the cutting of various layers of tissue in a single program, while ensuring minimal transection of hair grafts. We detail the advances in the field of motorized FUE embodied by the multiphasic devices.

Tratamento pediátrico de grande queimado agudo: Manejo clínico, cirúrgico e uso de matriz de regeneração dérmica / Pediatric treatment of large acute burn: Clinical, surgical management and use of dermal regeneration matrix / Tratamiento pediátrico de gran quemado agudo: Manejo clínico, quirúrgico y uso de matriz de regeneración dérmica

Objetivo: Analisar o tratamento de queimaduras em fase aguda, conduta clínica, cirúrgica e uso de matriz de regeneração dérmica (MRD) em criança internada na Unidade de Queimados do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (UQ-HRAN), Brasília-DF. Relato do Caso: D.M.R., 2 anos e 7 meses, masculino, vítima de queimadura por chama direta, 60% de superfície corporal acometida, 50% sendo de espessura total. Atendido inicialmente segundo Protocolo de Rotinas da UQ-HRAN, entretanto, evoluiu com piora clínica, necessitando de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva pediátrica, por 58 dias. Neste período, foi submetido a 2 escarotomias, 3 desbridamentos e 10 hemotransfusões, apresentou infecções nas áreas queimadas e variados esquemas antibióticos. Tendo em vista a extensão de áreas acometidas, restrição de áreas doadoras viáveis e impossibilidade de outros curativos, optou-se pelo implante de MRD no 16° dia de internação e, após a integração, foram realizadas 6 enxertias cutâneas. Recebeu alta no 118° dia de internação. Conclusão: Houve necessidade de assistência clínica e cuidados intensivos, além de utilização de técnica cirúrgica com implante de MRD em grande queimado agudo. Sendo assim, a MRD teve como objetivo proporcionar leito receptor de qualidade, associado a maior integração para enxertia cutânea futura, pois a carência de áreas doadoras o colocaria em risco de vida maior. Esse conjunto de fatores contribuiu para o sucesso do tratamento e a boa recuperação da criança.

Objective: To analyze the treatment of burn in acute-phase using clinical, surgical management and use of dermal regeneration matrix (DRM) in a child hospitalized at the Burn Unit of Asa Norte Regional Hospital (BU-ANRH), Brasília-DF. Case Report: D.M.R., 2 years and 7 months old, male, victim of direct fire, 60% of body surface affected, 50% full-thickness. Initially treated according to the BU-ANRH Routine Protocol, however, evolved to clinical decline, requiring a pediatric Intensive Care Therapy for 58 days. During this period, he underwent two escharotomies, three debridements and 10 blood transfusions. He exhibited infection in burned areas and used multiple antibiotic schemes. Due to the extension of affected surface, restriction of viable donor zone and unusable of other bandages, DRM was implanted on the 16th day of hospitalization and integration, he has done six cutaneous grafting. He was discharged on the 118th day of hospitalization. Conclusion: Clinical and intensive care were needed, besides the use of surgical technique with DRM implantation in a large acute burn. Thus, DRM has had as a goal to provide quality receptor bed, associated with greater integration for future cutaneous grafting, since the lack of donor areas would put it at greater risk of life. This set of factors contributed to the success of the treatment and the good recovery of the child.

Objetivo: Analizar el tratamiento de quemaduras en fase aguda, conducta médica clínica, quirúrgica y uso de matriz de regeneración dérmica (MRD) en niño internado en la Unidad de Quemados del Hospital Regional de Asa Norte (UQ-HRAN), Brasília-DF. Reporte de Caso: D.M.R., 2 años y 7 meses, masculino, víctima de quemadura de llama directa, 60% de la superficie del cuerpo afectada, 50% del espesor total. Inicialmente tratado de acuerdo con el Protocolo de Rutina UQ-HRAN, sin embargo, evolucionó con un empeoramiento clínico, necesitando cuidados en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva pediátrica durante 58 días. Durante este período, fue sometido a 2 escarotomías, 3 desbridamientos y 10 transfusiones de sangre. Presentó infecciones en zonas quemadas y variados esquemas antibióticos. Debido a la extensión de las áreas afectadas, la restricción de las áreas viables de los donantes y la imposibilidad de otros curativos, se optó por el implante de MRD en el 16° día de internación y después de la integración, se realizaron 6 injertos cutáneos. Recibió alta en el 118° día de internación. Conclusión: Hubo necesidad de asistencia clínica y cuidados intensivos, además de utilización de técnica quirúrgica con implante de MRD en gran quemado agudo. Por lo tanto, la MRD tuvo como objetivo proporcionar lecho receptor de calidad, asociado a la mayor integración para el injerto cutáneo futuro, pues la carencia de áreas donantes lo pondría en mayor riesgo de vida. Este conjunto de factores, contribuyó al éxito del tratamiento y la buena recuperación del niño.