[Right-sided double inferior vena cava and common iliac vein: imaging with spiral computerized tomography]. / Rechtsseitige Dopplung der Vena cava inferior und Vena iliaca communis: Bildgebung mit der Spiral-Computertomographie.

Duplications of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare variants of the abdominal vessels and are normally located on both sides of the abdominal aorta. The rare case of a rightsided infrarenal duplication of the IVC with involvement of the common iliac vein is reported. Details of the embryology are presented for the understanding of this IVC variant. The spiral CT with multiplanar reconstructions makes it possible to define the vascular morphology and to differentiate it from lymphoma.

Measurement of blood flow and oxygen consumption in the pelvic limb of fetal sheep.

In order to determine blood flow and oxygen consumption in the pelvic limb of fetal sheep, we applied the Fick principle of measurement of oxygen consumption in seven paired experiments in seven fetal sheep under normal conditions and after treatment with pancuronium bromide. Catheterization procedures, which minimized interference with the study limb circulation, avoided changes of catheter tip position during fetal movements,n and prevented collateral circulation to and from tissues not located in the pelvic limb, were utilized. Blood flow through the external iliac artery was measured by means of a transit time ultrasonic method. Six sample sets for oxygen content were drawn from the external iliac artery and vein during 45-min control period and repeated after neuromuscular blockade. Normal oxygen consumption under these experimental conditions was determined to be 20.7 +/- 1.9 (mean +/- SEM) mumole.min-1.100 g-1. Neuromuscular blockade caused oxygen consumption to decrease significantly (P less than 0.01) by 12% to 18.1 +/- 2.1 mumole.min-1.100 g-1 and decreased the average coefficient of variation from 15 to 8%. The data demonstrate that spontaneous skeletal muscle activity accounts for a significant amount of oxygen consumption, the level of which can vary widely over brief periods of time. These results suggest that such tissues with significant spontaneous changes in metabolic activity require repeated blood flow measurements with simultaneous determination of substrate arteriovenous differences to best describe metabolism under normal conditions.

[Age and variability in the blood vessels of the walls of the human iliac veins]. / Vozrastnaia izmenchivost' krovenosnykh sosudov stenok podvzdoshnykh ven cheloveka.

The investigation of the vascular bed in walls of the human iliac veins has been performed in 92 preparations obtained from embryos, children and mature persons of both sex by means of injection and non-injection methods. It has been stated that vascular bed in walls of the human iliac veins includes the intramural vessels both delivering and evacuating blood. Structural changes of the intramural bed in ontogenesis can be followed during three stages (development and differentiation, stabilization, involution).