[Blood stream infections during agranulocytosis period after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in one single center].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiologic features of blood stream infection (BSI) during the period of agranulocytosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in our hospital, and provide the basis for the empirical therapy. METHODS: The consecutive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients conducted between January 2008 and October 2010 were studied retrospectively, to identify the current incidence, etiology for BSI and associated mortality during the period of agranulocytosis. RESULTS: Totally 75 patients were diagnosed as BSI. The incidence of BSI was 9.6% (75/784) in HSCT during the period of agranulocytosis, 17.0% (75/441) in febrile patients. The pathogen testing showed that 64.4% were G(-) bacteria, 30.1% were G(+) bacterial and 5.5% were fungi. All G(-) bacteria except one were sensitive to carbapenems; all G(+) bacteria except one were sensitive to vancomycin. Among the 75 patients, 9 (12.0%) experienced septic shock and 5 (6.7%) died. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogens of the BSI in the cohort are G(-) bacteria, followed by G(+) bacteria and fungi. Carbapenems and vancomycin are the first drugs for the experiential therapy.