Childhood trauma interacts with ApoE to influence neurocognitive function in women living with HIV.
J Neurovirol
; 25(2): 183-193, 2019 04.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30478798
ABSTRACT
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) describes a spectrum of behavioural, motor and cognitive disturbances that can occur secondary to HIV infection. Less severe forms of the disorder persist despite advances in antiretroviral medication efficacy and availability. Childhood trauma (CT) may predispose individuals to developing HAND. As genetic variation in human apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been implicated in cognitive decline and may mediate the development of long-term health outcomes following CT, we investigated the influence of ApoE and CT on cognitive function in the context of HIV. One hundred twenty-eight HIV-positive Xhosa women completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) as well as the HIV Neurobehavioural Research Center neurocognitive test battery. rs7412 and rs429358 were genotyped using KASP assays, and this data was used to determine the ApoE isoform. Baseline differences in demographic and clinical variables according to CT exposure were calculated. Analysis of covariance was used to assess the contributions of CT and ApoE variants, as well as their interaction, to cognitive function. Eighty-eight participants reported experiencing CT. The rs7412 C allele protected against the harmful effect of CT on motor scores using an additive model. The interaction of ApoE ε4 and CT was associated with worse attention/working memory scores. ApoE ε4, alone and in combination with CT, is associated with poorer cognitive function. Further research into this gene-environment interaction may assist in identifying at-risk individuals for targeted interventions.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Health context:
2_ODS3
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Apolipoproteins E
/
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
/
HIV Infections
/
Cognitive Dysfunction
/
Models, Genetic
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Middle aged
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
En
Journal:
J Neurovirol
Year:
2019
Document type:
Article