Colistin Use in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Are We Underdosing Patients?
Molecules
; 24(3)2019 Feb 01.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30717123
ABSTRACT
Colistin is administered as its inactive prodrug colistimethate (CMS). Selection of an individualized CMS dose for each patient is difficult due to its narrow therapeutic window, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our aim was to analyze CMS use in patients with CKD. Secondary objectives were to assess the safety and efficacy of CMS in this special population. In this prospective observational cohort study of CMS-treated CKD patients, CKD was defined as the presence of a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/m² for more than 3 months. The administered doses of CMS were compared with those recently published in the literature. Worsened CKD at the end of treatment (EOT) was evaluated with the RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage kidney disease) criteria. Colistin plasma concentrations (Css) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Fifty-nine patients were included. Thirty-six (61.2%) were male. The median age was 76 (45â»95) years and baseline GFR was 36.6 ± 13.6. The daily mean CMS dosage used was compared with recently recommended doses (3.36 vs. 6.07; p < 0.001). Mean Css was 0.9 (0.2â»2.9) mg/L, and Css was <2 mg/L in 50 patients (83.3%). Clinical cure was achieved in 43 (72.9%) patients. Worsened renal function at EOT was present in 20 (33.9%) patients and was reversible in 10 (52.6%). The CMS dosages used in this cohort were almost half those currently recommended. The mean achieved Css were under the recommended target of 2 mg/dL. Despite this, clinical cure rate was high. In this patient cohort, the incidence of nephrotoxicity was similar to those found in other recent studies performed in the general population and was reversible in 52.6%. These results suggest that CMS is safe and effective in patients with CKD and may encourage physicians to adjust dosage regimens to recent recommendations in order to optimize CMS treatments.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Health context:
4_TD
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pseudomonas Infections
/
Urinary Tract Infections
/
Bronchitis
/
Colistin
/
Pneumonia, Bacterial
/
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
/
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Type of study:
Guideline
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Aged80
Language:
En
Journal:
Molecules
Year:
2019
Document type:
Article