Characterization of inflammatory bowel disease in Colombia: Results of a national register. / Caracterización de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en Colombia: resultados de un registro nacional.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To determine the clinical, sociodemographic, and treatment characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a Colombian population register. METHODS: A descriptive, analytic, observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study on patients with IBD from 17 hospital centers in 9 Colombian cities was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 2,291 patients with IBD were documented, 1,813 (79.1%) of whom presented with ulcerative colitis (UC), 456 (19.9%) with Crohn's disease (CD), and 22 with IBD unclassified (0.9%). The UC/CD ratio was 3.91. A total of 18.5% of the patients with UC and 47.3% with CD received biologic therapy. Patients with extensive UC had greater biologic therapy use (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 2.10-3.65, p = 0.000), a higher surgery rate (OR = 5.4, 95% CI 3.5-8.3, p = 0.000), and greater frequency of hospitalization (OR = 4.34, 95% CI 3.47-5.44, p = 0.000). Patients with severe UC had greater biologic therapy use (OR = 5.04, 95% CI 3.75-6.78, p = 0.000), a higher surgery rate (OR = 8.64, 95% CI 5.4-13.78, p = 0.000), and greater frequency of hospitalization (OR = 28.45, 95% CI 19.9-40.7, p = 0.000). CD patients with inflammatory disease behavior (B1) presented with a lower frequency of hospitalization (OR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.07-0.19, p = 0.000), a lower surgery rate (OR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.043-0.15, p = 0.000), and less biologic therapy use (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.17-0.41, p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: In Colombia, there is a predominance of UC over CD (3.91), as occurs in other Latin American countries. Patients with extensive UC, severe UC, or CD with noninflammatory disease behavior (B2, B3) have a worse prognosis.