Effects of Short-term Fasting on Ghrelin/GH/IGF-1 Axis in Healthy Humans: The Role of Ghrelin in the Thrifty Phenotype.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
; 107(9): e3769-e3780, 2022 08 18.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35678263
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT A greater decrease in 24-hour energy expenditure (24hEE) during short-term fasting is indicative of a thrifty phenotype. OBJECTIVE:
As ghrelin and the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis are implicated in the regulation of energy intake and metabolism, we investigated whether ghrelin, GH, and IGF-1 concentrations mediate the fasting-induced decrease in 24hEE that characterizes thriftiness.METHODS:
In 47 healthy individuals, 24hEE was measured in a whole-room indirect calorimeter both during 24-hour eucaloric and fasting conditions. Plasma total ghrelin, GH, and IGF-1 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after an overnight fast the morning before and after each 24-hour session.RESULTS:
During 24-hour fasting, on average 24hEE decreased by 8.0% (Pâ <â .001), GH increased by ~5-fold (Pâ <â .001), whereas ghrelin (mean +23 pg/mL) and IGF-1 were unchanged (both Pâ ≥â .19) despite a large interindividual variability in ghrelin change (SD 150 pg/mL). Greater fasting-induced increase in ghrelin was associated with a greater decrease in 24hEE during 24-hour fasting (r = -0.42, Pâ =â .003), such that individuals who increased ghrelin by 200 pg/mL showed an average decrease in 24hEE by 55 kcal/day.CONCLUSION:
Short-term fasting induced selective changes in the ghrelin/GH/IGF-1 axis, specifically a ghrelin-independent GH hypersecretion that did not translate into increased IGF-1 concentrations. Greater increase in ghrelin after 24-hour fasting was associated with greater decrease in 24hEE, indicating ghrelin as a novel biomarker of increased energy efficiency of the thrifty phenotype.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Human Growth Hormone
/
Ghrelin
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article