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Importance of gut microbiota metabolites in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
Hemmati, Maryam; Kashanipoor, Setayesh; Mazaheri, Payman; Alibabaei, Farnaz; Babaeizad, Ali; Asli, Shima; Mohammadi, Sina; Gorgin, Amir Hosein; Ghods, Kamran; Yousefi, Bahman; Eslami, Majid.
Affiliation
  • Hemmati M; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Kashanipoor S; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Mazaheri P; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Alibabaei F; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Babaeizad A; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Asli S; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Mohammadi S; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Gorgin AH; Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Ghods K; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
  • Yousefi B; Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. Electronic address: Yosefi_bahman@semums.ac.ir.
  • Eslami M; Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. Electronic address: M.eslami@semums.ac.ir.
Life Sci ; 329: 121947, 2023 Sep 15.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37463653
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the most common cause of death worldwide and has become a public health concern. The proven notable risk factors for CVD are atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and some genetic defects. However, research has shown a correlation between metabolic health, gut microbiota, and dietary risk factors. The gut microbiota makes an important contribution to human functional metabolic pathways by contributing enzymes that are not encoded by the human genome, for instance, the breakdown of polysaccharides, polyphenols and vitamins synthesis. TMAO and SCFAs, human gut microbiota compounds, have respective immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory effects. Choline and l-carnitine are abundant in high-fat diets and are transformed into TMA by gut bacteria. The liver's phase of metabolism then changes TMA into TMAO. In turn, TMAO promotes the activation of macrophages, damages vascular endothelium, and results in CVD-however, dysbiosis decreases SCFAs and bile acids, which raises intestinal permeability. Congestion in the portal vein, a drop in cardiac output, a reduction in intestinal perfusion, and intestinal leakage are all caused by heart failure. These factors induce systemic inflammation by increasing intestinal leakage. By raising CRP and pro-inflammatory reactions, human gut dysbiosis and elevated TMAO levels promote the development of arterial plaque, hasten the beginning of atherosclerosis, and raise the risk of CAD. A healthy symbiosis between the gut microbiota and host is a key factor in shaping the biochemical profile of the diet, therefore which are crucial for maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier, growing mucosa, reducing inflammation, and controlling blood pressure.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Health context: 3_ND / 6_ODS3_enfermedades_notrasmisibles Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cardiovascular Diseases / Atherosclerosis / Gastrointestinal Microbiome Type of study: Etiology_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans Language: En Journal: Life Sci Year: 2023 Document type: Article

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Health context: 3_ND / 6_ODS3_enfermedades_notrasmisibles Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Cardiovascular Diseases / Atherosclerosis / Gastrointestinal Microbiome Type of study: Etiology_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans Language: En Journal: Life Sci Year: 2023 Document type: Article