HIV-2 inhibits HIV-1 gene expression via two independent mechanisms during cellular co-infection.
J Virol
; 97(12): e0187022, 2023 Dec 21.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37991365
ABSTRACT
IMPORTANCE Twenty-five years after the first report that HIV-2 infection can reduce HIV-1-associated pathogenesis in dual-infected patients, the mechanisms are still not well understood. We explored these mechanisms in cell culture and showed first that these viruses can co-infect individual cells. Under specific conditions, HIV-2 inhibits HIV-1 through two distinct mechanisms, a broad-spectrum interferon response and an HIV-1-specific inhibition conferred by the HIV-2 TAR. The former could play a prominent role in dually infected individuals, whereas the latter targets HIV-1 promoter activity through competition for HIV-1 Tat binding when the same target cell is dually infected. That mechanism suppresses HIV-1 transcription by stalling RNA polymerase II complexes at the promoter through a minimal inhibitory region within the HIV-2 TAR. This work delineates the sequence of appearance and the modus operandi of each mechanism.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
RNA, Viral
/
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
/
HIV Long Terminal Repeat
/
HIV-1
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HIV-2
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Interferons
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Tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Coinfection
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
J Virol
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article