Effects of Citrobacter freundii on sturgeon: Insights from skin mucosal immunology and microbiota.
Fish Shellfish Immunol
; 149: 109527, 2024 Jun.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38561068
ABSTRACT
Skin mucus analysis has recently been used as a non-invasive method to evaluate for fish welfare. The present research study was conducted to examine the skin mucosal immunity and skin microbiota profiles of sturgeons infected with Citrobacter freundii. Our histology results showed that the thickness of the epidermal layer of skin remained thinner, and the number of mucous cells was significantly decreased in sturgeons after infection (p < 0.05). Total protein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, superoxide dismutase, and creatine kinase levels in the mucus showed biphasic pattern (decrease and then increase). Lactate dehydrogenase, lysozyme, and acid phosphatase activities in the mucus showed an increasing trend after infection. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing also revealed that C. freundii infection also affected the diversity and community structure of the skin mucus microbiota. An increase in microbial diversity (p > 0.05) and a decrease in microbial abundance (p < 0.05) after infection were noted. The predominant bacterial phyla in the skin mucus were Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Specifically, the relative abundance of Fusobacteria increased after infection. The predominant bacterial genera in the skin mucus were Cetobacterium, Pelomonas, Bradyrhizobium, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas. The relative abundance of Cetobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Flavobacterium increased after infection. Our current research findings will provide new insights into the theoretical basis for future research studies exploring the mechanism of sturgeon infection with C. freundii.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Skin
/
Citrobacter freundii
/
Immunity, Mucosal
/
Enterobacteriaceae Infections
/
Fish Diseases
/
Fishes
/
Microbiota
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Fish Shellfish Immunol
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article