Reversal of T-cell exhaustion: Mechanisms and synergistic approaches.
Int Immunopharmacol
; 138: 112571, 2024 Sep 10.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38941674
ABSTRACT
T cells suffer from long-term antigen stimulation and insufficient energy supply, leading to a decline in their effector functions, memory capabilities, and proliferative capacity, ultimately resulting in T cell exhaustion and an inability to perform normal immune functions in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring how to restore these exhausted T cells to a state with effector functions is of great significance. Exhausted T cells exhibit a spectrum of molecular alterations, such as heightened expression of inhibitory receptors, shifts in transcription factor profiles, and modifications across epigenetic, metabolic, and transcriptional landscapes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various strategies to reverse T cell exhaustion, including immune checkpoint blockade, and explores the potential synergistic effects of combining multiple approaches to reverse T cell exhaustion. It offers new insights and methods for achieving more durable and effective reversal of T cell exhaustion.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
T-Lymphocytes
/
Tumor Microenvironment
/
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
/
Neoplasms
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Int Immunopharmacol
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article