Genomic characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 virus newly emerged in dairy cattle.
Emerg Microbes Infect
; 13(1): 2380421, 2024 Dec.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39008278
ABSTRACT
In March 2024, the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) infections in dairy cattle was detected in the United Sates for the first time. We genetically characterize HPAI viruses from dairy cattle showing an abrupt drop in milk production, as well as from two cats, six wild birds, and one skunk. They share nearly identical genome sequences, forming a new genotype B3.13 within the 2.3.4.4b clade. B3.13 viruses underwent two reassortment events since 2023 and exhibit critical mutations in HA, M1, and NS genes but lack critical mutations in PB2 and PB1 genes, which enhance virulence or adaptation to mammals. The PB2 E627 K mutation in a human case associated with cattle underscores the potential for rapid evolution post infection, highlighting the need for continued surveillance to monitor public health threats.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Phylogeny
/
Genome, Viral
/
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Emerg Microbes Infect
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article