Development of hybrid polyvinylpyrrolidone/carboxymethyl cellulose/collagen incorporated oregano scaffolds via direct ink write printing for potential wound healing applications.
Int J Biol Macromol
; 278(Pt 2): 134528, 2024 Oct.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39111499
ABSTRACT
Additive manufacturing can develop regenerative scaffolds for wound healing. 3D printing offers meticulous porosity, mechanical integrity, cell adhesion and cost-effectiveness. Herein, we prepared ink composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), collagen, and oregano extract for the fabrication of tissue constructs. The blend was optimized to form a homogeneous ink and rheological characterization demonstrated shear thinning behavior. The scaffolds were printed using Direct Ink Write (DIW) at a flow speed of 4 mm3/s and a layer height of 0.18 mm. The fabricated scaffolds demonstrated an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and toughness of 730 KPa and 2.72 MJ/m3, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed an average pore size of 300 ± 30 µm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed that all materials were present. The contact angle of the composite scaffold was 68° ± 1°. Moreover, the scaffolds presented 82 % mass loss (degradation) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) over 14 days. The composite scaffold exhibited inhibition zones of 9 mm and 12 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. The PVP/CMC/collagen/oregano 3D printed scaffolds exhibited excellent biocompatibility with the mesenchymal stem cells and humman dermal fibroblast cells, confirmed by water-soluble tetrazolium - 8 (WST-8) assay (test conducted for 7 days). The enhanced angiogenic potential of said scaffold was assesed by release of vascular endothelial growth factor followed by further validation through in-vivo CAM assay. Thus, confirming suitability for the potential wound healing application.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Wound Healing
/
Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
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Collagen
/
Povidone
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Origanum
/
Tissue Scaffolds
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Int J Biol Macromol
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article