Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in wild boar (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758) / Origem e distribuição do plexo braquial de javali (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758)

ABSTRACT

The origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in wild boar (Sus scrofa), a mammal belonging to the Suidae family were studied. Twelve specimens of wild boar, which were fixed in 10% formalin solution through different points of subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, and intracavitary injections, following by immersing the specimens in the same solution were used. In present study, the brachial plexus of wild boar was a set of nerve fibers formed by the ventral branches from the fifth (C5) to eighth (C8) cervical and the first (T1) thoracic spinal nerves. The subclavian nerve was originated from C5, while the suprascapular nerve had its origin from C5 to C7. The cranial and caudal subscapular nerves were predominantly originated from C6 and C7, as well was the axillary nerve. The origin of the cranial and caudal pectoral nerves was from C7-C8 and C8-T1, respectively. The musculocutaneous nerve was mostly originated from C6 and C7, while the median and radial nerves had origin from C7 to T1. The origin of the ulnar, thoracodorsal, and lateral thoracic nerves was mostly from C8 and T1, while the long thoracic nerve was predominantly originated from C7 and C8. All nerves were responsible for the innervation of scapular girdle structures, arm, forearm, thorax and abdomen. In conclusion, the origin and distribution of the brachial plexus nerves in wild boar (Sus scrofa) are similar to domestic swine rather than to other wild species described in the literature.

RESUMO

O javali (Sus scrofa) é um mamífero que pertencem família Suidae. Estudou-se a origem e distribuição do plexo braquial de javali. Utilizou-se 12 exemplares destes animais, que foram fixados em solução aquosa de formaldeído a 10% mediante diferentes pontos de injeção subcutânea, intravenosas, intramuscular e intracavitária, seguindo-se a imersão dos espécimes em recipientes contendo a mesma solução. O plexo braquial de javali é um conjunto de nervos formados por fibras dos ramos ventrais do quinto ao oitavo nervos espinhais cervicais e do primeiro nervo espinhal torácico. O nervo subclávio originou-se de C5, subescapulares cranial e caudal de C6 a C7, supraescapular de C5 a C7, peitorais cranial e caudal de C7 a C8, axilar de C7 a C8, musculocutâneo de C6 a C7, mediano de C7 a T1, radial de C7 a T1, ulnar de C8 a T1, toracodorsal de C8 a T1, torácico lateral de C8 a T1, torácico longo de C7 a C8 e subclávio de C5, os quais foram responsáveis pela inervação de estruturas do cíngulo escapular, braço, antebraço, tórax e abdome. Em conclusão, a origem e distribuição dos nervos do plexo braquial de javali (Sus scrofa) são mais similares aos suínos domésticos do que com outras espécimes silvestres descritas na literatura.