Perfluorocarbon emulsions as intravenous delivery media for hyperpolarized xenon.

ABSTRACT

The use of perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) emulsions as delivery media for hyperpolarized xenon has been investigated. Emulsion droplet size was controlled by varying the content of egg yolk phospholipid (EYP), which served as an emulsifier. Hyperpolarized 129Xe nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the dissolved gas were obtained. The NMR spectra were found to be correlated strongly with the emulsion droplet size distribution. The NMR line width is determined by xenon exchange between the PFOB droplets and the aqueous environment. Our findings show that, in a 1.5-Tesla field, relatively narrow 129Xe NMR spectra are obtained for droplet sizes larger than 5 microm. Preliminary results on animal models show that PFOB emulsions have potential as hyperpolarized 129Xe carriers for in vivo magnetic resonance applications.