Screening of selected plant extracts for in vitro inhibitory activity on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT).

ABSTRACT

Methanolic-aqueous extracts of 70 plants were investigated for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity in vitro. Two thirds of the extracts screened showed more than 50% inhibition. Two extracts inhibited the enzyme completely while four exhibited more than 90% inhibition. Tannins as nonspecific HIV-1 RT inhibitors were detected and removed from the extracts. The IC50 values of the most potent extracts after the removal of tannins for the HIV-1 RT inhibition are as follows Sambucus racemosa 0.017 mg/ml and Geranium phaeum 0.067 mg/ml. Daunomycine was chosen as a standard substance in the non-radioactive immuno assay used for screening. As a result from the future isolation and characterization of these compounds, new leading structures are expectable.