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Survival and sequelae of meningococcal meningitis in Ghana.
Hodgson, A; Smith, T; Gagneux, S; Akumah, I; Adjuik, M; Pluschke, G; Binka, F; Genton, B.
Afiliação
  • Hodgson A; Navrongo Health Research Centre, Ghana.
Int J Epidemiol ; 30(6): 1440-6, 2001 Dec.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11821360
BACKGROUND: Meningococcal meningitis epidemics are frequent in the Sahel zone of Africa but there is little information on the frequency of long-term sequelae. We analysed excess mortality in the two years following the 1997 epidemic in northern Ghana and carried out a case-control study to assess sequelae in the survivors. METHODS: Two-year survival of 696 meningitis cases recorded at the War Memorial Hospital, Navrongo, was analysed using data from a demographic surveillance system. A structured questionnaire on disability and on psychiatric, neuropsychological and behavioural problems was administered to 505 of the survivors and 505 age- sex- and location-matched controls as well as to their respective relatives. Cases and controls underwent full neurological and neuropsychological examination and were evaluated for hearing impairment by audiometry. RESULTS: Survival rates after the first month following the attack were similar in cases and controls. Hearing impairment was the major sequela, and was reported in 6 per cent of cases and 2 per cent of controls (odds ratio [OR] = 3.10; 95% CI : 1.48-7.09). Audiometry detected severe and profound hearing loss in the worse affected ear (> or =70 db) in 8/496 (1.6%) survivors but in only one control. Survivors of meningitis were more likely to suffer from feelings of tiredness (OR = 1.47; 95% CI : 1.03-2.11) and were more often reported by relatives to have insomnia (OR = 2.31; 95% CI : 1.17-4.82) and daily alcohol consumption. INTERPRETATION: Meningococcal meningitis annually causes approximately 10 000 cases of deafness in sub-Saharan Africa; there is a need for early detection of affected survivors and promotion of simple hearing devices. There is a sizeable burden of depressive disorders secondary to meningitis which should be identified and looked after appropriately.
Assuntos
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Coleções: 01-internacional Contexto em Saúde: 2_ODS3 / 4_TD / 7_ODS3_muertes_prevenibles_nacidos_ninos / 8_ODS3_consumo_sustancias_psicoactivas Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Meningite Meningocócica Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Qualitative_research / Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Int J Epidemiol Ano de publicação: 2001 Tipo de documento: Article
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Coleções: 01-internacional Contexto em Saúde: 2_ODS3 / 4_TD / 7_ODS3_muertes_prevenibles_nacidos_ninos / 8_ODS3_consumo_sustancias_psicoactivas Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Meningite Meningocócica Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Prevalence_studies / Qualitative_research / Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Limite: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Int J Epidemiol Ano de publicação: 2001 Tipo de documento: Article