Assessment of thoracic epidural analgesia during general anesthesia using pupillary reflex dilation: a preliminary study.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
; 20(5): 664-7, 2006 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17023285
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Pupillary reflex dilation (PRD) secondary to noxious stimulation accurately predicts sensory block during combined lumbar epidural/general anesthesia. Therefore, the adequacy of PRD-guided thoracic epidural infusion during general anesthesia for thoracotomy was studied.DESIGN:
Prospective study.SETTING:
University hospital.PARTICIPANTS:
Thirteen patients undergoing thoracotomy.INTERVENTIONS:
An epidural catheter was placed at the T3-T4 level with initial infusion rate of 5 mL/h of ropivacaine 0.5%. Propofol/remifentanil target-controlled infusion was used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Remifentanil effect site concentration was maintained constant at 0.5 ng/mL during surgery. By using a portable pupillometer, PRD secondary to tetanic stimulation of the C8, T2, and T4 segments were evaluated. Ropivacaine flow rate was adapted half hourly, according to PRD testing and a predefined algorithm. At the end of surgery, PRD was tested in the 3 investigated segments, and general anesthesia was stopped. After emergence, these zones were tested for their sensitivity to cold. Pain was evaluated by using the visual analog scale.RESULTS:
Pain scores were <3 of 10 in 84.6% of the patients. Mean PRD was 0.9 +/- 0.6 mm in unblocked levels versus 0.2 +/- 0.5 mm in blocked segments (p = 0.02). PRD >or= 0.5 mm was predictive of incomplete block (sensitivity 76%, specificity 79%, and positive predictive value 86%). PRD >or= 1 mm was highly predictive of inadequate block (sensitivity 73%, specificity 91%, and positive predictive value 94%).CONCLUSION:
PRD-guided continuous thoracic epidural analgesia under low-dose remifentanil/propofol anesthesia is feasible and ensures good postoperative analgesia.
Buscar no Google
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Reflexo Pupilar
/
Monitorização Intraoperatória
/
Anestesia Epidural
/
Anestesia Geral
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
Ano de publicação:
2006
Tipo de documento:
Article