Physiological responses to wrist weights during endurance cycling in normal subjects.

Cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses were studied in 12 healthy males aged 45 +/- 7 yr (mean +/- SD) during 25 min of cycling exercise with (WW) and without (NW) arm swing with wrist weights at 60% and 75% of their maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR). Cycling leg work was adjusted in order to produce a constant 60% and 75% of MHRR during WW and NW sessions. The results revealed that during both exercises the cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic responses were similar. However, during the NW sessions lactic acid (LA) levels were significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than those observed during WW sessions (3.2 +/- 0.9 and 5.4 +/- 1.5 mm.l-1, vs 2.9 +/- 0.9 and 3.8 +/- 1.3 mm.-1), as were ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) (13.2 +/- 1 and 14.4 +/- 0.6, vs 12.2 +/- 1 and 13.4 +/- 1.5). These data indicated a similar pattern of hemodynamic and respiratory responses to NW and WW cycling exercises, while LA and RPE were lower in WW cycling. It is therefore suggested that arm swing with wrist weights may be a beneficial mode of exercise, distributing the workload on a larger muscle mass while maintaining the target heart rate. Thus, it enables a lower reliance on anaerobic metabolism and a lower perceived exertion.