Psoriasis and risk of nonfatal cardiovascular disease in U.S. women: a cohort study.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis has been linked to cardiovascular comorbidities in cross-sectional studies, but evidence regarding the association between psoriasis and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. OBJECTIVES: To make a prospective evaluation of the association between psoriasis and risk of incident nonfatal CVD. METHODS: Participants (n = 96, 008) were included from the Nurses' Health Study II, and followed for 18 years. Information on physician-diagnosed psoriasis was obtained by self-report and diagnosis was confirmed by supplementary questionnaires. We included 2463 individuals with self-reported psoriasis and a subsample of 1242 with validated psoriasis. The main outcome was incident nonfatal CVD events [nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and nonfatal stroke], ascertained by biennial questionnaires and confirmed. RESULTS: During 1 709 069 person-years of follow-up, 713 incident nonfatal CVD events were confirmed. Psoriasis was associated with a significantly increased multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of nonfatal CVD, 1·55 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·04-2·31]. HRs for nonfatal MI and stroke were 1·70 (95% CI 1·01-2·84) and 1·45 (95% CI 0·80-2·65), respectively. The association remained consistent in a sensitivity analysis of confirmed psoriasis (HR 2·06, 95% CI 1·31-3·26). For individuals with concomitant psoriatic arthritis, the risk of nonfatal CVD was even higher (HR 3·47; 95% CI 1·85-6·51). Women diagnosed with psoriasis at < 40 years of age or with duration of psoriasis ≥ 9 years had substantial elevations in CVD risk HR 3·26 (95% CI 1·21-8·75) and 3·09 (95% CI 1·15-8·29), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Psoriasis is an independent predictor for nonfatal CVD among women, with particularly high risk for those with longer duration of psoriasis and concomitant psoriatic arthritis.