Vasculopathy related to cocaine adulterated with levamisole: A review of the literature.
Dermatol Online J
; 18(7): 1, 2012 Jul 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22863623
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Recently, there have been numerous case reports and series describing patients presenting with cutaneous vasculopathy that has been linked to the levamisole frequently found in cocaine.OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to review all published case reports and series of patients reported with cutaneous vasculopathic findings of lemavisole induced vasculopathy (LIV) associated with cocaine use.METHODS:
A review of PubMed was performed searching the keywords levamisole, cocaine, in combination with vasculitis, and vasculopathy. Twenty-two case reports and series were available with sufficient data on reported patients to be included. Four patients from the authors' clinical experience are included as well.RESULTS:
A number of common clinical and pathological findings are reviewed, including lower extremity (46/55 patients, 84%) and ear involvement (40/55 patients, 73%), and positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) findings (p-ANCA 42/48 patients, 88%; anti human neutrophil elastase 11/11 patients, 100%). Similar numbers of patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids as were treated conservatively; there was comparable improvement on follow up.CONCLUSIONS:
There are a number of clinical and laboratory findings that are commonly found in patients with LIV. There is currently insufficient data to recommend treatment with systemic corticosteroids in patients with this condition.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
2_ODS3
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Drogas Ilícitas
/
Levamisol
/
Contaminação de Medicamentos
/
Dermatopatias Vasculares
/
Cocaína
/
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Cocaína
/
Vasculite Associada a Anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilos
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Dermatol Online J
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Article