Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among South African gold miners.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
; 12(1): 12-20, 2015 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25419914
ABSTRACT
RATIONALE HIV-associated tuberculosis remains a major health problem among the gold-mining workforce in South Africa. We postulate that high levels of recent transmission, indicated by strain clustering, are fueling the tuberculosis epidemic among gold miners. OBJECTIVES:
To combine molecular and epidemiologic data to describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity, estimate levels of transmission, and examine risk factors for clustering.METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study of culture-positive M. tuberculosis isolates in 15 gold mine shafts across three provinces in South Africa. All isolates were subject IS6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphisms, and we performed spoligotyping analysis and combined it with basic demographic and clinical information. MEASUREMENTS AND MAINRESULTS:
Of the 1,602 M. tuberculosis patient isolates, 1,240 (78%) had genotyping data available for analysis. A highly diverse bacillary population was identified, comprising a total of 730 discrete genotypes. Four genotypic families (Latin American Mediterranean spoligotype family; W-Beijing; AH or X; and T1-T4) accounted for over 50% of all strains. Overall, 45% (560/1,240) of strains were genotypically clustered. The minimum estimate for recent transmission (n - 1 method) was 32% (range, 27-34%). There were no individual-level risk factors for clustering, apart from borderline evidence for being non-South African and having self-reported HIV infection.CONCLUSIONS:
The high M. tuberculosis genetic diversity and lack of risk factors for clustering are indicative of a universal risk for disease among gold miners and likely mixing with nonmining populations. Our results underscore the urgent need to intensify interventions to interrupt transmission across the entire gold-mining workforce in South Africa.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
3_ND
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Tuberculose
/
DNA Bacteriano
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Epidemiologia Molecular
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Mineração
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prevalence_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
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Screening_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Ann Am Thorac Soc
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article