Translation and validation of the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale in Nepali language.

BACKGROUND: a mother׳s lack of confidence in the early postnatal period may negatively influence their ability to care for their infant. Parenting confidence contributes to the parent-infant relationship and other aspects of infant development. The Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale is a 15-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure parents' subjective confidence in their parenting abilities, or 'perceived parenting self-efficacy', and is designed for mothers with infants aged 0-12 months. OBJECTIVES: to translate the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale into Nepali language and assess the validity and reliability among Nepalese postnatal mothers. DESIGN: cross-sectional study. SETTING: outpatient department of maternity and women׳s hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. PARTICIPANTS: one hundred postnatal mothers within 5-6 weeks of childbirth were recruited using the convenience sampling method. METHODS: following back-translation procedures, mothers completed questionnaires during follow-up visit at immunisation/postnatal clinics. For the validity and reliability have been assessed internal consistency, discriminant validity, and construct validity. RESULTS: the translated Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale mean score was 35.47±5.48, ranging from 32 to 42. Cronbach׳s alpha coefficient for internal consistency was 0.87. A difference was found between primiparous and multiparous mothers׳ confidence scores. There was a significant correlation between maternal confidence and anxiety scores. Demographic response patterns suggest that the maternal confidence level was affected by education level. CONCLUSIONS: the Nepali version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale showed adequate reliability and validity. Therefore, the Nepali Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale is considered a suitable instrument to assess maternal confidence in Nepali postnatal mothers.