Vitamin D status and fertility outcomes during winter among couples undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the vitamin D status of men and women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and to investigate associations between vitamin D status and fertility variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study was undertaken of men and women attending a fertility clinic in Ireland for IVF/ICSI between January and March 2014. Vitamin D status was determined by measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Questionnaires examined knowledge and practices concerning vitamin D. Fertility variables and pregnancy outcomes were assessed in relation to vitamin D status. RESULTS: Overall, 73 men and 64 women provided blood samples. Among men, no correlation was found between 25(OH)D and total motility (ρ=0.069, P=0.562), progressive motility (ρ=0.066, P=0.576), count (ρ=0.001, P=0.996), or morphology (ρ=-0.034, P=0.774) of sperm. Additionally, there was no association between 25(OH)D and ongoing pregnancy rates (P=0.158). There was no difference in 25(OH)D between men with and without male factor subfertility issues (P=0.856). Among women, there was no significant correlation between 25(OH)D and anti-Müllerian hormone (P=0.629) or number of collected (P=0.198) and fertilized oocytes (P=0.136). There was no difference in 25(OH)D between women with and without ongoing pregnancy (P=0.222). CONCLUSION: No correlation was found between fertility variables or pregnancy outcomes and male or female vitamin D status.