Validation of a novel real-time PCR assay for detection of HLA-B*15:02 allele for prevention of carbamazepine - Induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in individuals of Asian ancestry.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Screening for the HLA-B*1502 allele has been recommended to prevent carbamazepine (CBZ) - induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) in individuals with Asian ancestry. We aimed, therefore, to develop and validate a robust and inexpensive method for detection of the HLA-B*1502 allele. METHODS: Real-time PCR using TaqMan® probes followed by SYBR® Green was used to detect the HLA-B*1502 allele prior to treatment with CBZ therapy. RESULTS: A total of 121 samples were tested. The assay has a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 76.84-100.0%), a specificity of 100% (95% CI 96.61-100%), a positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI 76.84-100%) and a negative predictive value of 100.0% (95% CI 96.61-100.0%), respectively. There was 100% agreement between our results and genotyping using Luminex SSO/SBT/SSP. The lowest limit of detection of the TaqMan® probe is 0.05ng/µl and the SYBR® Green is 0.5ng/µl of DNA. The unit cost of using the TaqMan® probe followed by SYBR® Green is only $4.7 USD. CONCLUSION: We developed a novel assay for the detection of the HLA-B*1502 allele, which is robust, inexpensive and suitable for screening individuals of Asian ancestry in the prevention of CBZ-induced SJS/TEN.