The elusive case of human intraepithelial T cells in gut homeostasis and inflammation.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
; 15(10): 637-649, 2018 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29973676
ABSTRACT
The epithelial barrier of the gastrointestinal tract is home to numerous intraepithelial T cells (IETs). IETs are functionally adapted to the mucosal environment and are among the first adaptive immune cells to encounter microbial and dietary antigens. They possess hallmark features of tissue-resident T cells they are long-lived nonmigratory cells capable of rapidly responding to antigen challenges independent of T cell recruitment from the periphery. Gut-resident T cells have been implicated in the relapsing and remitting course and persisting low-grade inflammation of chronic gastrointestinal diseases, including IBD and coeliac disease. So far, most data IETs have been derived from experimental animal models; however, IETs and the environmental makeup differ between mice and humans. With advances in techniques, the number of human studies has grown exponentially in the past 5 years. Here, we review the literature on the involvement of human IETs in gut homeostasis and inflammation, and how these cells are influenced by the microbiota and dietary antigens. Finally, targeting of IETs in therapeutic interventions is discussed. Broad insight into the function and role of human IETs in gut homeostasis and inflammation is essential to identify future diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic strategies.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
3_ND
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Trato Gastrointestinal
/
Linfócitos Intraepiteliais
/
Homeostase
/
Inflamação
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article