Comprehensive assessment of organic contaminant removal from on-site sewage treatment facility effluent by char-fortified filter beds.
J Hazard Mater
; 361: 111-122, 2019 01 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30176409
ABSTRACT
To remove organic contaminants from wastewater using cost-efficient and currently existing methods, our study investigated char-fortified filter beds for on-site sewage treatment facilities (OSSFs) in a long-term field setting. OSSFs are commonly used in rural and semi-urban areas worldwide to treat wastewater when municipal wastewater treatment is not economically feasible. First, we screened for organic contaminants with gas chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based targeted and untargeted analysis and then we developed quantitative structure-property relationship models to search for key molecular features responsible for the removal of organic contaminants. We identified 74 compounds (24 confirmed by reference standards) including plasticizers, UV stabilizers, fragrances, pesticides, surfactant and polymer impurities, pharmaceuticals and their metabolites, and many biogenic compounds. Sand filters that are used as a secondary step after the septic tank in OSSFs could remove hydrophobic contaminants. The addition of biochar significantly increased the removal of these and a few hydrophilic compounds (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, α = 0.05). Besides hydrophobicity-driven sorption, biodegradation was suggested to be the most important removal pathway in this long-term field application. However, further improvements are necessary to remove very hydrophilic contaminants as they were not removed with sand and biochar-fortified sand.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
2_ODS3
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Compostos Orgânicos
/
Esgotos
/
Poluentes Químicos da Água
/
Carvão Vegetal
/
Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos
/
Filtração
Tipo de estudo:
Guideline
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hazard Mater
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article