Discovery of a second species of Hyalocylindrophora and the phylogenetic position of the genus in Bionectriaceae.

ABSTRACT

A new holomorphic species, Hyalocylindrophora bispora, is described and illustrated based on a collection on rotten branches from Guangdong Province, China. The fungus is characterized by fleshy perithecia that become deeply cupulate when dry, covered with long and stiff hairs on the surface, and not change color in KOH or lactic acid. Asci are two-spored and evanescent at maturity. Ascospores are ellipsoidal to elongate-ellipsoidal, unicellular, and warted. Conidiogenous cells are phialidic and cylindrical. Conidia are thick-walled, unicellular, ellipsoidal to somewhat lemon-shaped. This is the first report of sexual state for Hyalocylindrophora. The phylogenetic position of the genus in Bionectriaceae is confirmed by sequence analyses of the combined nuc rDNA 28S, α-actin, and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit 1 regions. Distinctions between the new taxon and the only known species of the genus are compared.