An overview of energy and metabolic regulation.
Sci China Life Sci
; 62(6): 771-790, 2019 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30367342
ABSTRACT
The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe energy regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral humoral pathway. Homeostasis and rewarding are the basis of CNS regulation. Anorexigenic or orexigenic effects reflect the activities of the POMC/CART or NPY/AgRP neurons within the hypothalamus. Neurotransmitters have roles in food intake, and responsive brain nuclei have different functions related to food intake, glucose monitoring, reward processing. Peripheral gut- or adipose-derived hormones are the major source of peripheral humoral regulation systems. Nutrients or metabolites and gut microbiota affect metabolism via a discrete pathway. We also review the role of peripheral organs, the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in peripheral regulation. We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Diabetes Mellitus
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Metabolismo Energético
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Obesidade
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Sci China Life Sci
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article