The bacterial volatile dimethyl-hexa-decylamine reveals an antagonistic interaction between jasmonic acid and cytokinin in controlling primary root growth of Arabidopsis seedlings.

ABSTRACT

Chemical communication underlies major adaptive traits in plants and shapes the root microbiome. An increasing number of diffusible and/or volatile organic compounds released by bacteria have been identified, which play phytostimulant or protective functions, including dimethyl-hexa-decylamine (DMHDA), a volatile biosynthesized by Arthrobacter agilis UMCV2 that induces jasmonic acid (JA) signaling in Arabidopsis. Here, he found that the growth repressing effects of both DMHDA and JA are antagonized by kinetin and correlated with an inhibition of cytokinin-related ARR5GUS and TCSGFP expression in Arabidopsis primary roots. Moreover, we demonstrate that shoot supplementation of JA triggers JAZ1 expression both locally and systemically and represses cytokinin-dependent promoter activity in roots. A similar effect was observed after cotyledon wounding, in which an increase of JA-inducible LOX2GUS expression represses root growth, which correlates with the loss of TCSGFP detection at the very root tip. Our data demonstrate that the bacterial volatile DMHDA crosstalks with cytokinin signaling and reveals the downstream antagonistic interaction between JA and cytokinin in controlling root growth.