Urogenital pathogens, associated with Trichomonas vaginalis, among pregnant women in Kilifi, Kenya: a nested case-control study.
BMC Infect Dis
; 18(1): 549, 2018 Nov 06.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30400890
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Screening of curable sexually transmitted infections is frequently oriented towards the diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and trichomoniasis, whereas other pathogens, sometimes associated with similar urogenital syndromes, remain undiagnosed and/or untreated. Some of these pathogens are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.METHODS:
In a nested case-control study, vaginal swabs from 79 pregnant women, i.e., 28 T. vaginalis-positive (cases) and 51 T. vaginalis-negative (controls), were screened by quantitative PCR for Adenovirus 1 and 2, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2, Chlamydia trachomatis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus ducreyi, Mycoplasma genitalium, M. hominis, candidatus M. girerdii, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Treponema pallidum, Ureaplasma parvum, U. urealyticum, and Candida albicans. Additionally, we determined whether women with pathogens highly associated with T. vaginalis had distinct clinical signs and symptoms compared to women with T. vaginalis mono-infection.RESULTS:
M. hominis was independently associated with T. vaginalis (adjusted odds ratio = 6.8, 95% CI 2.3-19.8). Moreover, M. genitalium and Ca M. girerdii were exclusively detected in women with T. vaginalis (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001), respectively. Four of the six women co-infected with T. vaginalis and Ca M. girerdii complained of vaginal itching, compared to only 4 out of the 22 women infected with T. vaginalis without Ca M. girerdii (P = 0.020).CONCLUSION:
We confirm M. hominis as a correlate of T. vaginalis in our population, and the exclusive association of both M. genitalium and Ca. M. girerdii with T. vaginalis. Screening and treatment of these pathogens should be considered.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
1_ASSA2030
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2_ODS3
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4_TD
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez
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Tricomoníase
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Trichomonas vaginalis
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Sistema Urogenital
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Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis
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Coinfecção
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Infect Dis
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article