Improved accuracy in DFS pattern interpretation using a novel HEp-2 ELITE system.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: Accurate interpretation of DFS70 (dense fine speckled 70) and mixed antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) patterns can be challenging using conventional HEp-2 immunofluorescence (IIF) method. We evaluated a novel HEp-2 IIF substrate (HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70-KO) composed of a mixture of engineered HEp-2 devoid of the DFS70 autoantigen and conventional HEp-2 cells. The study assessed the utility of the new substrate in ANA screening and its advantages. METHOD: One thousand and five consecutive routine samples sent for ANA screening were tested on both standard HEp-2 and the HEp-2 ELITE DFS70 KO substrates (ImmuGlo ANA HEp-2 and HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70-KO, Trinity Biotech, Buffalo, NY). Anti-DFS70 antibody specificity was additionally determined by immunoblot (IB). Clinical and serological data were included in the analysis of the overall impact of the novel HEp-2 substrate on DFS pattern interpretation. RESULTS: Of the 22 cases suspected as positive for DFS pattern alone or in combination with homogeneous or speckled patterns on conventional HEp-2 cells, 17 were interpreted with a higher accuracy using the new HEp-2 ELITE method as positive for DFS70 (monospecific DFS70 (10), mixed DFS70 (7)), speckled (3), and DFS (2) patterns. CONCLUSIONS: The new substrate was not only useful in deciphering unclear mixed ANA patterns but also highly sensitive in detecting DFS70 pattern in comparison to the DFS70 positivity obtained using IB.