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Endurance Exercise Prevents Metabolic Distress-induced Senescence in the Hippocampus.
Jang, Yongchul; Kwon, Insu; Cosio-Lima, Ludmila; Wirth, Christopher; Vinci, Debra M; Lee, Youngil.
Afiliação
  • Jang Y; Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Movement Sciences and Health, Usha Kundu, MD College of Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL.
Med Sci Sports Exerc ; 51(10): 2012-2024, 2019 10.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30998584
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

Metabolic disorder such as obesity and type 2 diabetes caused by excess caloric intake is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Endurance exercise (EXE) has been suggested to exert neuroprotective effects against the metabolic distress. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the exercise-induced neuroprotection have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether EXE-induced neuroprotection is associated with cellular senescence, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress using a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet.

METHODS:

C57BL/6 female mice (10 wk old) were randomly divided to three groups normal chow diet group (CON, n = 11), high-fat diet/high-fructose (HFD/HF) group (n = 11), and high-fat diet/high-fructose + endurance exercise (HFD/HF + EXE) group (n = 11). HFD/HF + EXE mice performed treadmill running exercise for 60 min·d, 5 d·wk for 12 wk.

RESULTS:

Our data showed that EXE ameliorated HFD/HF-induced weight gain, fasting blood glucose levels, and visceral fat gain. More importantly, HFD/HF diet promoted cellular senescence, whereas EXE reversed it, evidenced by a reduction in the levels of p53, p21, p16, beta-galactosidase (SA-ß-gal), and lipofuscin. Furthermore, EXE prevented HFD/HF-induced neuroinflammation (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1ß) by inhibiting toll-like receptor 2 downstream signaling cascades (e.g., tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and c-Jun) in parallel with reduced reactive glial cells. This anti-inflammatory effect of EXE was associated with the reversion of HFD/HF-induced cellular oxidative stress.

CONCLUSION:

Our study provides novel evidence that EXE-induced antisenescence against metabolic distress in the hippocampus may be a key neuroprotective mechanism, preventing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Resistência Física / Hipocampo / Obesidade Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies Limite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: Med Sci Sports Exerc Ano de publicação: 2019 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Resistência Física / Hipocampo / Obesidade Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies Limite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: Med Sci Sports Exerc Ano de publicação: 2019 Tipo de documento: Article