How Accurately Do Patients and Their Care Partners Report Results of Amyloid-ß PET Scans for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment?

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Amyloid-ß PET scans will likely become an integral part of the diagnostic evaluation for Alzheimer's disease if Medicare approves reimbursement for the scans. However, little is known about patients' and their care partners' interpretation of scan results. OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to understand how accurately patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia and their care partners report results of amyloid-ß PET scans and factors related to correct reporting. METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze survey data from 1,845 patient-care partner dyads and responses to open-ended questions about interpretation of scan results from a sub-sample of 200 dyads. RESULTS: Eighty-three percent of patients and 85% of care partners correctly reported amyloid-ß PET scan results. Patients' higher cognitive function was associated with a small but significant decrease in the predicted probability of not only patients accurately reporting scan results (ME -0.004, 95% CI -0.007, -0.000), but also care partners accurately reporting scan results (ME -0.006, 95% CI -0.007, -0.001), as well as decreased concordance between patient and care partner reports (ME -0.004, 95% CI -0.007, -0.001). Content analysis of open-ended responses found that participants who reported the scan results incorrectly exhibited more confusion about diagnostic terminology than those who correctly reported the scan results. CONCLUSION: Overall, patients with MCI or dementia showed high rates of accurate reporting of amyloid-ß PET scan results. However, responses to questions about the meaning of the scan results highlight the need for improved provider communication, including providing written explanations and better prognostic information.