Presentation and Diagnosis of Ureteral Quadruplication: Case Report and Analysis of the Literature.

Ureteral quadruplication is exceedingly rare. All except for 2 cases were symptomatic and nearly all underwent intervention. We present the first case of asymptomatic ureteral quadruplication in the presence of ureteral cyst. The report is first to prove ureteral quadruplication, even with ureteral cyst, can have normal renal function and parenchyma without obstruction or reflux. The report analyzes differences between the 14 cases of ureteral quadruplication in the English literature. It is first to describe bilateral ureteral cysts with ureteral quadruplication and triplication, and is first to accurately characterize the appearance of quadruplicated ureters inside the kidney.