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Chemosensory mechanisms of host seeking and infectivity in skin-penetrating nematodes.
Gang, Spencer S; Castelletto, Michelle L; Yang, Emily; Ruiz, Felicitas; Brown, Taylor M; Bryant, Astra S; Grant, Warwick N; Hallem, Elissa A.
Afiliação
  • Gang SS; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Castelletto ML; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Yang E; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Ruiz F; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Brown TM; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Bryant AS; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Grant WN; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
  • Hallem EA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 117(30): 17913-17923, 2020 07 28.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32651273
Approximately 800 million people worldwide are infected with one or more species of skin-penetrating nematodes. These parasites persist in the environment as developmentally arrested third-stage infective larvae (iL3s) that navigate toward host-emitted cues, contact host skin, and penetrate the skin. iL3s then reinitiate development inside the host in response to sensory cues, a process called activation. Here, we investigate how chemosensation drives host seeking and activation in skin-penetrating nematodes. We show that the olfactory preferences of iL3s are categorically different from those of free-living adults, which may restrict host seeking to iL3s. The human-parasitic threadworm Strongyloides stercoralis and hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum have highly dissimilar olfactory preferences, suggesting that these two species may use distinct strategies to target humans. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of the S. stercoralis tax-4 gene abolishes iL3 attraction to a host-emitted odorant and prevents activation. Our results suggest an important role for chemosensation in iL3 host seeking and infectivity and provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that underlie these processes.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Contexto em Saúde: 3_ND Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Pele / Células Quimiorreceptoras / Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita / Nematoides / Infecções por Nematoides Limite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Contexto em Saúde: 3_ND Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Pele / Células Quimiorreceptoras / Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita / Nematoides / Infecções por Nematoides Limite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article