Small nucleolar RNAs signature (SNORS) identified clinical outcome and prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA).

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a new non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which have not been widely investigated and are identified to be involved in tumorigenesis. But the function of snoRNAs in BLCA has not been reported yet. METHODS: SnoRNAs signature (SNORS) was constructed through LASSO cox regression analysis. Integrated analysis of candidate snoRNAs was performed to detect the correlation between copy number variation (CNV)/DNA methylation/protein/mRNA/alternative splicing (AS). Then we built a nomogram integrating independent prognostic factors to assist the clinical utility. RESULTS: We have screened out 15 prognostic differentially expressed snoRNAs (DESs) and constructed SNORS consisting of 5 candidate snoRNAs which could appropriately stratify patients into low or high SNORS groups with distinct prognosis. Then we found 5 candidate snoRNAs might be regulated by their own CNV and DNA methylation. Moreover, 5 candidate snoRNAs were significantly correlated mRNA and alternative splicing (AS), which might regulate diverse biological process in tumorigenesis, such as "extracellular matrix", "epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)", etc. signaling pathways. Furthermore, SNORS was an independent prognostic factor, which was strikingly correlated with clinical outcome. Through inporating with other variables, we have established a predictive nomogram, which was more effectively to predict prognosis than any other variables alone. CONCLUSION: Our findings first highlighted an important role of snoRNAs in BLCA and established a potential prognostic model which could serve as a biomarker for BLCA.