Long term change of the optic disc and OCT parameters during myopic shift in children with large cup to disc ratio.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This observational case series was to determine long term optic disc changes in eyes with large cup to disc ratio (CDR) and compare the changes induced by myopic shift during childhood with normal control eyes. METHODS: Children under 15 years of age who developed myopia with serial optic disc photographs and spectral domain (SD)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) images with a minimal interval of three years were evaluated. Children with average CDR ≥ 0.6 on SD-OCT were classified as having large CDR. The ratios of vertical disc diameter (VDD), horizontal disc diameter (HDD), and maximum peripapillary atrophy (PPA) width (PPW) were measured to quantify morphologic changes of optic discs and SD-OCT parameters, such as peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness were measured. RESULTS: Of the 82 eyes (82 patients) analyzed, 42 eyes had large CDR and 40 eyes were normal controls. The mean age and refractive error at initial examination were not different between groups (P = 0.33, P = 0.76, respectively). The changes in HDD/VDD and PPW/VDD ratios during follow-up showed no significant difference among the groups (P = 0.45, P = 0.62, respectively). No statistical significance was found in changes in RNFL and GCIPL thickness between the two groups (P = 0.74, P = 0.79, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Children with enlarged CDR showed changes in optic disc morphology and RNFL/GCIPL thickness similar to normal children during myopic shift.