Transcriptome Analysis of Gluconobacter oxydans WSH-003 Exposed to Elevated 2-Keto-L-Gulonic Acid Reveals the Responses to Osmotic and Oxidative Stress.

ABSTRACT

Industrial production of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KLG), the precursor of vitamin C, is mainly achieved by a two-step fermentation process carried out by Gluconobacter oxydans, Bacillus, and Ketogulonicigenium. One of the most promising innovations that could replace this complicated two-step fermentation process is the integration of the essential genes for synthesis of 2-KLG into G. oxydans and use of it as the producer. Therefore, determining the tolerance and response of G. oxydans to 2-KLG is a priority for improving the direct production of 2-KLG in this bacterium. In this study, a global view of the gene expression of G. oxydans WSH-003 in response to 2-KLG challenge was investigated by RNA sequencing. A total of 363 genes of G. oxydans that were differentially expressed in response to 2-KLG were uncovered. The results showed that 2-KLG could lead to oxidative stress, osmotic stress, and DNA damage in G. oxydans.