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Molecular evidence confirms occurrence of Rhipicephalus microplus Clade A in Kenya and sub-Saharan Africa.
Kanduma, Esther G; Emery, David; Githaka, Naftaly W; Nguu, Edward K; Bishop, Richard P; Slapeta, Jan.
Afiliação
  • Kanduma EG; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. ekanduma@uonbi.ac.ke.
  • Emery D; Sydney School of Veterinary Science (SSVS), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSWs, Australia. ekanduma@uonbi.ac.ke.
  • Githaka NW; Sydney School of Veterinary Science (SSVS), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSWs, Australia.
  • Nguu EK; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Bishop RP; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Slapeta J; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, USA.
Parasit Vectors ; 13(1): 432, 2020 Aug 27.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32854747
BACKGROUND: The tick vector Rhipicephalus microplus which transmits Babesia spp. and rickettsial pathogens has not been reported in Kenya since 1998. More recently, the pathogenic Babesia bovis has been detected in cattle blood DNA. The status of R. microplus in Kenya remains unknown. This study employed morphological and molecular tools to characterize R. microplus originating from Kenya and assess the genetic relationships between Kenyan and other African R. microplus genotypes. METHODS: Ticks were collected in south-eastern Kenya (Kwale County) from cattle and characterized to investigate the existence of R. microplus. Genetic and phylogenetic relationships between the Kenyan and other annotated R. microplus reference sequences was investigated by analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. To further characterize Kenyan ticks, we generated low coverage whole genome sequences of two R. microplus, one R. decoloratus and R. appendiculatus. A B. bovis specific TaqMan probe qPCR assay was used to detect B. bovis in gDNA from R. microplus ticks. RESULTS: Occurrence of R. microplus was confirmed in Kwale County, Kenya. The Kenyan R. microplus cox1 sequences showed very high pairwise identities (> 99%) and clustered very closely with reference African R. microplus sequences. We found a low genetic variation and lack of geographical sub-structuring among the African cox1 sequences of R. microplus. Four complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes for two R. microplus, one R. decoloratus and one R. appendiculatus were assembled from next generation sequence data. The mitochondrial genome sequences of the two Kenyan R. microplus ticks clustered closely with reference genome sequences from Brazil, USA, Cambodia and India forming R. microplus Clade A. No B. bovis was detected in the Kwale R. microplus DNA. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm the presence of R. microplus in Kenya and suggest that R. microplus Clade A is prevalent in cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. These and other recent findings of widespread occurrence of R. microplus in Africa provide a strong justification for urgent surveillance to determine and monitor the spread of R. microplus and vector competence of Boophilus ticks for B. bovis in Africa, with the ultimate goal of strategic control.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Contexto em Saúde: 3_ND Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infestações por Carrapato / Babesia bovis / Rhipicephalus Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Screening_studies Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Parasit Vectors Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Contexto em Saúde: 3_ND Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infestações por Carrapato / Babesia bovis / Rhipicephalus Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Screening_studies Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Africa Idioma: En Revista: Parasit Vectors Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article