Inline balloon-assisted vascular sheath fragment removal.

BACKGROUND: Unretrievable foreign bodies are associated with high morbidity and mortality. While the majority of reported cases involve the venous circulation, intra-arterial foreign body displacement have the potential to migrate more distally with a higher risk for dissection and hemorrhagic complications during retrieval. As the number of intravascular procedures continues to increase, there is also likely to be a concomittant increase in the number of retrieval procedures, particular for fractured catheters and sheaths. Although snaring is frequently the traditional, 'go-to' method for retrieval, there are inherent risks of further dislodgement or fracture. CASE REPORT: We describe a case that involves retrieval of a fractured sheath that originated in the common femoral artery but migrated into the popliteal artery. Different retrieval approaches were employed, however ultimately balloon assisted, over-the-wire retrieval was the successful approach. CONCLUSIONS: We anticipate that over-the-wire, inline-retrieval approaches will continue to grow in popularity and use, particularly with respect to manipulation within the arterial circulation.