Fronto-temporal cortical atrophy in 'nyaope' combination heroin and cannabis use disorder.
Drug Alcohol Depend
; 221: 108630, 2021 04 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33667779
ABSTRACT
Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the top three regions with the highest rates of opioid-related premature mortality. Nyaope is the street name for what is believed to be a drug cocktail in South Africa although recent research suggests that it is predominantly heroin. Nyaope powder is most commonly smoked together with cannabis, a drug-use pattern unique to the region. Due to the increasing burden of this drug in low-income communities and the absence of human structural neuroimaging data of combination heroin and cannabis use disorder, we initiated an important cohort study in order to identify neuroanatomical sequelae. Twenty-eight male nyaope users and thirty healthy, matched controls were recruited from drug rehabilitation centers and the community, respectively. T1-weighted MRI images were obtained using a 3 T General Electric Discovery and cortical thickness was examined and compared. Nyaope users displayed extensive grey matter atrophy in the right hemispheric medial orbitofrontal, rostral middle frontal, superior temporal, superior frontal, and supramarginal gyri (two-sided t-test, p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). Our findings indicate cortical abnormality in nyaope users in regions involved in impulse control, decision making, social- and self-perception, and working memory. Importantly, affected brain regions show large overlap with the pattern of cortical abnormalities shown in heroin use disorder.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
2_ODS3
/
8_ODS3_consumo_sustancias_psicoactivas
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Drogas Ilícitas
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Córtex Cerebral
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Abuso de Maconha
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Substância Cinzenta
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Dependência de Heroína
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Humans
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Male
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Drug Alcohol Depend
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article