Probabilistic risk assessment of preservatives in dishwashing detergents and wet wipes for Korean consumers.
Sci Total Environ
; 782: 146829, 2021 Aug 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33838372
ABSTRACT
Preservatives are essential additives in dishwashing detergents and wet wipes. Ensuring the safe use of preservatives in products is important for public health, as some preservatives are associated with health issues. In this study, the content of 12 preservatives in 105 dishwashing detergents and 105 wet wipes was determined, where these compounds are commonly found, among consumer products. A realistic exposure estimation was considered by using Korean consumer-specific exposure parameters for adults and babies. A probabilistic risk assessment was conducted by applying the Monte Carlo simulation method. Benzoic acid (41%) and cetylpyridinium chloride (30%) were the most commonly used preservatives in dishwashing detergents and wet wipes, respectively, although their content in different products (benzoic acid 0.28-19.4 mg/g in dishwashing detergents; cetylpyridinium chloride 0.003-0.64 mg/g in wet wipes) varied widely. The calculated median and upper-limit margin of safety (MOS) values related to systemic health effects and skin sensitization from exposure to preservatives largely exceeded the target MOS, which confirmed the safety of the products. Exposure to preservatives from wet wipes was several times higher in babies than in adults. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the amount of the product used, frequency of use, and weight fraction of the preservative were the major contributors to the exposure to preservatives from dishwashing detergents and wet wipes.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Conservantes Farmacêuticos
/
Detergentes
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Infant
País/Região como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Sci Total Environ
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article