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Exercise attenuates bone mineral density loss during diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Mesinovic, Jakub; Jansons, Paul; Zengin, Ayse; de Courten, Barbora; Rodriguez, Alexander J; Daly, Robin M; Ebeling, Peter R; Scott, David.
Afiliação
  • Mesinovic J; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia. Electronic address: Jakub.mesinovic@monash.edu.
  • Jansons P; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIA 2134, Australia.
  • Zengin A; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia.
  • de Courten B; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia.
  • Rodriguez AJ; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
  • Daly RM; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIA 2134, Australia.
  • Ebeling PR; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia.
  • Scott D; Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIA 3168, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIA 2134, Australia; Department of Medicine and Australi
J Sport Health Sci ; 10(5): 550-559, 2021 09.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34004388
BACKGROUND: Weight-loss-induced fat loss improves cardiometabolic health in individuals with overweight and obesity; however, weight loss can also result in bone loss and increased fracture risk. Weight-loss-induced bone loss may be attenuated with exercise. Our aim was to compare changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with overweight and obesity who undertook diet-induced weight loss alone or in combination with exercise. METHODS: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with overweight or obesity (aged ≥18 years; body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) that prescribed diet-induced weight loss alone or in combination with supervised exercise, and measured any bone structural parameters. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Random-effects meta-analyses determined mean changes and net mean differences (95% confidence intervals (95%CIs)) in the percentage of areal BMD (aBMD) change between groups. RESULTS: We included 9 RCTs. Diet-induced weight loss led to significant losses in femoral neck aBMD (mean change: -1.73% (95%CI: -2.39% to -1.07%), p < 0.001) and total hip aBMD (-2.19% (95%CI: -3.84% to -0.54%), p = 0.009). Femoral neck aBMD losses were significantly greater in the diet-induced weight loss group compared to the exercise plus diet-induced weight loss group (net difference: -0.88% (95%CI: -1.73% to -0.03%)); however, there were no differences in aBMD changes at any other skeletal site: total hip (-1.96% (95%CI: -4.59% to 0.68%)) and lumbar spine (-0.48% (95%CI: -1.81% to 0.86%)). aBMD changes did not differ significantly according to exercise modality (resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, or a combination of the two) during diet-induced weight loss. CONCLUSION: Diet-induced weight loss led to greater femoral neck bone loss compared to diet-induced weight loss plus exercise. Bone loss at the total hip and lumbar spine was not attenuated by exercise during diet-induced weight loss. The lack of consistent skeletal benefits may be due to the insufficient duration and/or training intensities of most exercise interventions. Additional RCTs with appropriate, targeted exercise interventions should be conducted.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Exercício Físico / Redução de Peso / Densidade Óssea / Dieta Redutora / Sobrepeso Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials / Systematic_reviews Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Sport Health Sci Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Exercício Físico / Redução de Peso / Densidade Óssea / Dieta Redutora / Sobrepeso Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials / Systematic_reviews Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Sport Health Sci Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article