Using Artificial Intelligence for High-Volume Identification of Silicosis and Tuberculosis: A Bio-Ethics Approach.
Ann Glob Health
; 87(1): 58, 2021.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34249620
ABSTRACT
Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being increasingly applied, considerable distrust about introducing "disruptive" technologies persists. Intrinsic and contextual factors influencing where and how such innovations are introduced therefore require careful scrutiny to ensure that health equity is promoted. To illustrate one such critical approach, we describe and appraise an AI application - the development of computer assisted diagnosis (CAD) to support more efficient adjudication of compensation claims from former gold miners with occupational lung disease in Southern Africa. In doing so, we apply a bio-ethical lens that considers the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice and add explicability as a core principle. We draw on the AI literature, our research on CAD validation and process efficiency, as well as apprehensions of users and stakeholders. Issues of concern included AI accuracy, biased training of AI systems, data privacy, impact on human skill development, transparency and accountability in AI use, as well as intellectual property ownership. We discuss ways in which each of these potential obstacles to successful use of CAD could be mitigated. We conclude that efforts to overcoming technical challenges in applying AI must be accompanied from the onset by attention to ensuring its ethical use.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
11_ODS3_cobertura_universal
/
2_ODS3
/
3_ND
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Silicose
/
Tuberculose
/
Inteligência Artificial
/
Temas Bioéticos
/
Atenção à Saúde
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Aspecto:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
/
Ethics
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Ann Glob Health
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article