Prenatal and Postnatal Household Air Pollution Exposures and Pneumonia Risk: Evidence From the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study.
Chest
; 160(5): 1634-1644, 2021 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34298005
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Nearly 40% of the world's population is exposed daily to household air pollution. The relative impact of prenatal and postnatal household air pollution exposure on early childhood pneumonia, a leading cause of mortality, is unknown. RESEARCH QUESTION Are prenatal or postnatal household air pollution, or both, associated with pneumonia risk in the first year of life? STUDY DESIGN ANDMETHODS:
The Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study enrolled 1,414 nonsmoking, pregnant women before 24 weeks' gestation with prospective follow-up to the child's age of 1 year. We measured 72-h personal household air pollution exposures, indexed by carbon monoxide (CO), four times prenatally and three times postnatally. Weekly fieldworker surveillance identified ill-appearing children for physician pneumonia assessment. We used quasi-Poisson models to examine associations between prenatal and postnatal CO and physician-diagnosed pneumonia and severe pneumonia. Sex-specific effects were examined.RESULTS:
Of the 1,306 live births, 1,141 infants were followed up with 55,605 child-weeks of fieldworker surveillance. The estimated risk for pneumonia and severe pneumonia in the first year of life increased by 10% (relative risk [RR], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.16) and 15% (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03-1.28), respectively, per 1-part per million (ppm) increase in average prenatal CO exposure and by 6% (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.99-1.13) per 1-ppm increase in average postnatal CO exposure. Sex-stratified analyses suggest that in girls, higher prenatal CO exposure was associated with pneumonia risk, while no association was seen in boys.INTERPRETATION:
Prenatal household air pollution exposure increased risk of pneumonia and severe pneumonia in the first year of life. Clean-burning interventions may be most effective when begun prenatally. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; No. NCT01335490; URL www.clinicaltrials.gov.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Contexto em Saúde:
1_ASSA2030
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2_ODS3
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4_TD
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5_ODS3_mortalidade_materna
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6_ODS3_enfermedades_notrasmisibles
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7_ODS3_muertes_prevenibles_nacidos_ninos
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pneumonia
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Monóxido de Carbono
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Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados
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Exposição Ambiental
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Saúde do Lactente
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Utensílios Domésticos
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
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Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Chest
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article