Overview of risk factor and bacterial pattern in patient with surgical site infection after caesarean section in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital from 2016 to 2018.

ABSTRACT

Background: Caesarean section is one of the most commonly performed surgeries both in the hospital. The incidence of infections in cesarean section varies greatly around the world at 3-15%. SSI on is a multifactorial process that starts from the perioperative preparation, the patient, the type of surgery, the type of germ and other factors. Aims: To determine the characteristics of patients, bacterial patterns, and risk factors for the incidence of SSI in Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in 2016-2018. Method: This study was an observational study using a retrospective cohort method. The subject of this study were patients undergoing cesarean section in Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in 2016-2018 recruited using consecutive sampling method. Based on the data obtained, bivariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to determine the factors affecting post-caesarean SSI. Results: A total of 2052 subjects were included in the study. There were 85 cases of surgical site infection (SSI) out of 2052 operations (4.14 %). A total of 85 SSI cases and 1967 control groups were included in the risk factor analysis. The most common bacteria found in surgical site infection culture were Staphylococcus aureus (16,5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12,9%), Escherichia coli (9,4%), Enterococcus faecalis (9,4%), and others (21,2%). Variables associated with SSI in this study is fetal distress (p=0,002; AOR = 2,265 CI 95 % 1,350-3,801) and BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (p=0,028; AOR 1,824 CI 95% 1,066-3,121). Conclusion: Factors influencing the incidence of SSI post cesarean section was fetal distress (p=0,002; AOR = 2,265 CI 95 % 1,350-3,801) and BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (p=0,028; AOR 1,824 CI 95% 1,066-3,121).